Pengaruh Adopsi Teknologi Budidaya Padi terhadap Produktivitas Padi di Sumatera Selatan

The land conversion of rice farming could only be prevented by increasing farming competitiveness. The first step is to map the resource availability supporting paddy farming and income achievement. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze resource availability and income achievement to increase paddy business competitiveness. It used a survey method and observed two populations of farmers producing paddy seed and rice in Tanjung Lago and Rambutan Districts, Banyuasin Regency. Simple random sampling was adopted to determine 130 respondents from two populations, each with 65 rice and paddy seed farmers. The findings showed that resource availability supports farming in tidal land, though it is significantly higher for paddy seed than rice farmers. Regarding income achievements, paddy seed farmers also have higher R/C and B/C values than rice farmers. Income for rice farmers mainly comes from corn, rubber, and oil palm, while paddy seed farmers earn from their farming. This implies that the chance of land conversion into plantations and corn farming is greater for rice than for paddy seed farmers. When this happens on a large scale and in the long term, it impacts national rice production. Therefore, improved resource availability and better integration in production could sustainably increase paddy farming production in tidal land.

Climate change is a universal challenge for all those natural resource-based sectors, including agriculture. The farming community should adapt to climate change effects through Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) approaches to resolve the same. The objectives of the study are to analyze the level of technology adoption of CSA practices that have been implemented by rice farmers on tidal land, to analyze the level of household food security of rice farmers on tidal land, and to analyze the effect of the level of technology adoption of CSA practices towards household food security in Telang Jaya Village, Muara Telang District, Banyuasin Regency. Sixty farmers are used for the respondents number. A study method with a survey approach of visiting the research site directly is employed here. The outcomes of this study indicate an increased awareness of climate change among farmers; one way is by adopting CSA, which can optimize farm productivity and increase farmer income, thus positively impacting food security. The adoption rate of CSA technology, i.e., tractors, water pumps, drainage, direct seeding planting, and combined harvesters, positively influences food security.

Salinity stress, intensified by climate change events such as El Niño and drought, presents a significant challenge to soybean production in tidal lands. This study evaluated soybean varieties’ growth, tolerance, and yield under varying salinity conditions within a saturated water cultivation system. The experiment was conducted from February to May 2024 at the IPB Experimental Station in Leuwikopo, Bogor, Indonesia, using soil samples collected from type B tidal lands in Mulyasari Village, Banyuasin, South Sumatra. A completely randomized design (CRD) was employed with three factors and three replications each. The first factor was soybean variety (“Demas-1” and “Detap-1”), the second was soil salinity (0 and 2000 ppm NaCl), and the third was irrigation salinity at different growth stages (control, 2000 ppm NaCl before/during flowering, and 2000 ppm NaCl after flowering). The results demonstrated that the “Demas-1” variety exhibited superior growth characteristics, including higher leaf greenness, dry weight of root nodules, and number of filled pods per plant. Exposure to soil salinity of 2000 ppm NaCl led to a significant reduction in plant height (29.38%), leaf number (38.01%), leaf greenness (28.67%), dry weight (49.90%-60.80%), and filled pods per plant (55.51%), while increasing plant toxicity (108%). Irrigation with 2000 ppm NaCl further exacerbated these negative impacts, resulting in decreased leaf greenness (15.42%-18.06%) and filled pods per plant (17.84%-23.94%). The interaction between soybean variety, soil salinity, and irrigation salinity significantly influenced the number of filled pods per plant. The combination of any soybean variety with 2000 ppm NaCl resulted in a reduction of filled pods per plant. Moreover, applying saline irrigation after flowering to saline soil decreased the number of filled pods per plant by 64.68%. These findings highlight the critical importance of selecting tolerant soybean varieties and implementing effective irrigation management strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of salinity on soybean production in tidal lands.

Telang’s Independent Integrated City development is a model of tidal agricultural development through technological innovation to improve farmers’ welfare. In this area, the diversity of origin of population is also suspected to have an impact on the achievement of success. The purpose of this study is to analyze and prove the hypothesis that farmers are able to prosper in tidal land by Telang’s Independent Integrated City Program based on migrant and local farmers disaggregation. The research was conducted at Tanjung Lago District Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra. The research method is survey with stratified simple random sampling. Data is processed by mathematics and statistics. Telang’s Independent Integrated City is an area of rice production center development and rice industry. Since 2008, farmers have implemented rice cultivation innovations by the twice-cropping index. This program by utilization of tidal land proved that farmers have a great chance of success. Farmers have succeeded in breaking the myth that has been growing in the food agriculture sector, that farmers cannot prosper only with food crops. Both Farmer’s income has been above the necessities of life. Judging by the diversity of origin of population, the income of migrant is higher than local farmers.

ABSTRAK Tidal land included marginal land that has high acid. One cause is management of resources is not optimum yet.This research was aimed to find out contribution of orange cultivation to the farmer income of tidal land in Barambai Muara Village Barito regency South Borneo during June and August 2010. This research was conducted by survey method through PRA ( Participatory Rural Appraisal ) approach. Data obtained from interviews with 25 respondents that are chosen by random sampling. Interview focus is on resource, constraint and opportunity of orange cultivation in the tidal land. Tidal land in the south Borneo has high potential to improve the farmer income. A farmer cultivate the orange plants 150 to 300, its produce net income are Rp14.520.000,- or 71,50% of household income. Mostlypaddyis cultivated onlyonce a yearthatlocalriceproductivityreached 2.1tons/acreissufficient to meettheir daily needs. Laborlargelydevoted to the orange cultivation. The constraints of orange cultivation are limitedtechnology andlowprices. Farmers need the Government's attention especially on marketing because this area has high potential to be developed. Keywords: orange cultivation, tidal land, Participatory Rural Appraisal, household income

The growing awareness of the negative impact of using inorganic fertilizers on the environment in a small number of rice farmers has made them switch from conventional to organic farming. So far, economic research on the application of organic fertilizers has been widely carried out in irrigated rice fields. Economic research on the application of organic fertilizer use in tidal and lebak land areas has not been widely carried out. Differences in land types are expected to affect the amount of use of organic fertilizers and are also thought to affect production yields and income levels. The purpose of this study was to analyze the reduction in the use of inorganic fertilizers for rice farmers using organic fertilizers and their marginal substitution, as well as the impact of using organic fertilizers on the costs and income of rice farmers using organic fertilizers in tidal and lebak land. This research was conducted in Telang Sari Village, Tanjung Lago District and Sako Village, Rambutan District, Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra Province, Indonesia. Data was collected in April 2021. The research method was a survey with proportional stratified random sampling. The results showed that (1) the highest reduction of inorganic fertilizer in tidal land was 65.4 percent, while in lebak land it was 57.6 percent; the cost of production factors in tidal and lebak and areas increased by 4.94% and 18.56%; The income of rice farmers in lebak land increased by 60.58%, while on tidal land it was only 32.94%, (2) The marginal substitution of organic fertilizers to inorganic fertilizers was -2.61 and -5.68, (3) The use of these factors production for farmers who use organic fertilizers in both tidal and lebak land have not been efficien yett. The use of factors of production must be increased to obtain optimal profits.

The study aims to evaluate the application of precision farming technology in Tidal Land, Tanjung Baru Village, Muara Padang, Banyuasin. The study uses quantitative and qualitative approaches with field observation and survey methods and in-depth interviews. The population of the study was all farmers who manage agricultural land in Tanjung Baru Village. The research sample was taken purposively, namely farmers who have implemented or tried to implement precision farming. The number of samples was 30 farmers. Data collected included the use of precision farming technology, the obstacles faced and its impact on farmer productivity and welfare. In addition, the experience of farmers in implementing precision farming and identifying proposed solutions was also studied. Results of this study are that the majority of farmers in Tanjung Baru Muara Padang Banyuasin village were aged 41-50 years (46.7 percent), with an even level of education between high school, junior high school, and elementary school graduates. The largest land ownership is 3-5 hectares (53.3 percent). As many as 93.3 percent of respondents have implemented precision farming technology, with tractors and combine harvesters as the most commonly used technology. GIS technology is used by 23.3 percent of respondents, drones by 10 percent, and plowing tools and machines and GRPS systems by 3.3 percent of respondents each. The main reasons for using technology are to increase farming productivity, reduce costs, and increase farming efficiency. Respondents want easy access to technology (50 percent), technical assistance (26.7 percent), and subsidy and financial assistance (20 percent). As many as 90 percent of respondents stated that they would continue to use precision farming technology in the future. More than 30 percent of respondents suggested assistance with precision farming tools and education and training, while 20 percent suggested the provision of water pumps. This indicates the need for comprehensive and sustainable support to increase the adoption of precision farming technologies.

Tidal land is generally planted with rice once a year, followed by soybean cultivation. The study to determine the feasibility of cultivating food crops on tidal land was carried out in Rantau Makmur Village, Rantau Rasau District, Tanjung Jabung Timur Regency, Jambi Province from June to July 2020. The research method used a survey of 20 farmers who are members of the Bambu Kuning farmer group. The research objective was to analyze rice and soybean farming in tidal fields. The results showed that the respondent farmers were at the productive age, namely 32-61 years. The highest level of education is Elementary School (SD), namely 65%. The average land ownership is 1.3 ha. Rice farming and soybean farming in tidal land are feasible to be cultivated. The total revenue from rice farming is IDR 15,065,000 / ha / planting season (PS) with an income of IDR 8,325,000 / ha / PS. Meanwhile, revenue from soybean farming is Rp. 7,260,000 / ha / PS, with an income of Rp. 1,800,000, - / ha / PS. The ratio of revenue to costs (R / C) of rice farming is 2.2, the breakeven point of production is 1.465.2 kg / ha, the break-even point price is IDR 2,058 / kg. Meanwhile, R / C for soybean farming was 1.3 with a brekeven point of production of 910 kg / ha and a brekeven point of price of IDR 4,512.4 / kg.

Fe stress is a problem in swamp lands that reduces the growth and yield of rice. Providing various types of ameliorants and selecting rice varieties are considered an effort to obtain high rice productivity in tidal land. The research aimed to study the effect of various ameliorants on rice growth and production, and to obtain high productivity of tolerant variety to iron stress at different locations of tidal land. The research was conducted in Karya Bakti Village (1°10'34.8" S and 104°09’31.1” E), Rantau Rasau, East Tanjung Jabung, Jambi. This study adopted a split-plot design with different types and doses of ameliorant as the main plots and several rice varieties as the subplots with three replications. The results showed that the application of ameliorant rice husk ash, coconut husk ash, empty bunch oil palm compost, and goat manure stimulated vegetative and generative growth. Meanwhile, the Inpari 16 Pasundan variety was proven to have better growth and higher production as described through plant height, fresh weight of shoots and roots, dry weight of shoots and roots, root length, number of productive tillers, number of grains per panicle, 1,000 grain weight, and harvested dry grain. The highest rice production was in the Inpari 16 Pasundan variety, 9.3 tons ha-1 (low-Fe) and 7.6 tons ha-1 (high-Fe). The combination of rice husk ash (0.25 tons ha-1) + coconut husk ash (0.25 tons ha-1) + empty bunch oil palm compost (0.75 tons ha-1) + goat manure (0.75 tons ha-1) was the best combination to increase rice productivity. Inpari 16 Pasundan is considered a tolerant variety on tidal land with high-Fe stress. The interaction between ameliorants and varieties was significant on plant height at ages 2 and 4 weeks after planting at low-Fe, number of productive tillers at high-Fe, root length at low-Fe and high-Fe, 1,000-grain weight, and number of grains per panicle at low-Fe, and harvested dry grain at low-Fe and high-Fe.
 Keywords: B-type tidal fields, Fe stress cultivation, organic ameliorant, tolerant rice variety, water-saturated cultivation

The characterization and potential of tidal swamps as a source of sorghum crop production (Sorghum Bicolor L. Moech), is the first research conducted in tidal lands, considering that so far sorghum has been widely planted in dry land. Aims to identify the biophysical character of the land, and multiply the potential, and technology of sorghum cultivation in tidal lands. Conducted in Kapuas Regency, Central Kalimantan, from August 2022 - April 2023. Land suitability analysis refers to 1:250,000 scale maps, 1:50,000 scale soil type maps, and soil analysis as the basis for determining technological inputs for successful site-specific sorghum cultivation. The results showed the biophysical character of tidal land with pH <5, has low nutrient content, imperfect water management, and proven to have good potential for sorghum growth. The application of dolomite as much as 1000 kg/ha and manure 5000 kg/ha and 200 kg/ha urea, 100 kg/ha SP-36, and 50 kg/ha KCL according to the results of soil analysis, proved that sorghum can produce 3.07 t/ha in tidal land, and almost the same as production in a dry land.

This study aims to analyze and obtain the best type and level of fertilization of livestock waste on the growth and production of shallots ( Allium ascalonicum L.) on tidal land. on tidal land. This research has been carried out on farmers' land in Telang Jaya Village, Muara Telang District, Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra Province, from August to January 2018. This study used a Split-plot design with 9 repeated treatment combinations 3 times and 5 sample plants from each treatment. The treatment factor for Type of Livestock Waste (O) consisting of O1 = cattle waste, O2 = Goat livestock waste, O3 = Chicken livestock waste and Red Onion Fertilization Rate (T) consists of T1 = 5 tons / ha, T2 = 10 tons / ha, T3 = 15 tons / ha. The variables observed are 1. Plant height (cm) 2. Number of leaves (strands) 3. Number of tubers per clump (cloves) 5. Fresh weight per clump (g) 6. Bulb weight per plot (kg). The results showed that the treatment of chicken manure and doses of 10 tons / hectare produced the highest growth and production in tuber weight / clump on red onion (Allium ascalonicum L.) plants on tidal land, ie 13.31 tons / hectare

The purpose of this research are (1) to determine economic appearance and (2) to estimate the profit function of the application of drip irrigation technology for chili farming in tidal lands. This research used survey method at Budi Mulya Village Air Kumbang Sub-district Banyuasin Regency. Collecting data was held on March and April of 2018. Sampling method was proportionate stratified random. Watering and fertilization of chili farming with utilizing drip irrigation technology was done by using water pump machine. Drip irrigation affected positive impact for increasing of chili farming profit. Drip irrigation technology in chili farming is more efficient than chili farming without drip irrigation technology. Economic of scales of drip irrigation technology in chili farming is 2.547, that means in increasing returns to scale condition. Farmers need government policy in applying this technology like a subsidy or loan from government.

The aim of the study was to obtain proper technique for cultivating shallots of Bima Brebes variety through the use of chicken manure and NPK fertilizer on tidal land. The research was located on tidal land in Sukatani Village, Tanjung Lago District, Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra Province, located at a position of 1.30° – 4.0° South Latitude and 104° 00' – 105° 35' East Longitude. The study used a randomized block design with one treatment factor and three replicates. The treatment was the dose of organic chicken manure with 5 levels, namely P0 = no chicken manure; P1 = 10 tons of manure per hectare; P2 = 15 tons of manure per hectare; P3 = 20 tons of manure per hectare; P4 = 25 tons of manure manure per hectare. Each treatment was mixed with NPK fertilizer at a dose of 200 kg NPK ha-1 (M). Data analysis was carried out by analysis of variance using F test and least significance difference (LSD) test. The variables observed were leaf length, leaf number, plant dry weight, specific leaf area, specific leaf weight, root-shoot ratio, relative growth rate, net assimilation rate, bulb fresh weight, bulb number, bulb diameter, bulb dry weight, and percentage of bulb shrinkage. The results showed that the use of chicken manure 10 tons/ha and 200 kg NPK/ha affected the growth of shallots on leaf length, root-shoot ratio, relative growth rate, bulb fresh weight and bulb dry weight. It was then concluded that it can increase the growth and yield of shallots of Bima Brebes variety on tidal land.

The development of shallots in tidal land needs to be carried out considering the availability of land and the demand for shallots, which continues to increase, so it is necessary to develop suboptimal land. Adaptive shallot varieties and soil and water management are key to agricultural cultivation in tidal swamps. This research aimed to elucidate the production of Shallot of the Bima Brebes, Batu Ijo, and SS Sakato varieties through water-saturated cultivation in tidal land. This research was conducted in the tidal area of Mulyasari Village, Tanjung Lago District, Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra, from April to June 2023. This study used a 2-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The first factor is the use of varieties (V): the Bima Brebes variety, the Batu Ijo variety, and the SS Sakato variety. The second factor was the applications of ameliorants and actinobacteria by coating (A): without ameliorants, actinobacteria, actinobacteria + manure, actinobacteria + manure + dolomite. The treatment combinations totalled 12 and were repeated three times, so there were 36 experimental units. The highest shallot productivity was obtained in treating actinobacteria + chicken manure + dolomite for the Bima Brebes variety, namely 8.42 tonnes/ha. Providing actinobacterial-enriched ameliorant affects the nutrient uptake of N, P, and K. Fe and Al can be chelated by providing actinobacterial-enriched ameliorant so that shallots can produce quite good production in tidal fields with water-saturated cultivation varieties.

This study aims to analyze the adoption rate of Urea Plus Carbofuran 3G (PUPK3G) fertilization technology in rice (Oryza sativa) seedlings and the factors that influence the adoption rate. The low adoption rate of PUPK3G and the factors that influence the adoption rate of technology can inhibit the increase in the adoption rate of technology and the factors that support and inhibit the adoption rate of technology need to be supported with the aim of increasing the adoption of PUPK3G and increasing the factors that influence the adoption rate of technology both internal and external factors. The research method used is a quantitative descriptive survey with data collection through questionnaires and interviews with farmers who use and do not use PUPK3G technology in the research area. Adoption of innovation is a process of changing behavior, both knowledge (cognitive), attitude (affective), and skills (psychomotor) in a person since they are introduced to the innovation (Rogers and Shoemaker, 1971 in Ediset, 2021) aims to increase the adoption rate according to the level of awareness, assessment, analysis, trial and adoption. The results of the study indicate that the adoption rate of PUPK3G technology is in the high category, with the indicator that influences the highest adoption rate in the aspect of the length of farming, while the lowest indicator that influences the adoption rate of technology is in the aspect of farmer education. The conclusion in the study resulted in a technology adoption rate of 62% in the high category influenced by factors that influence technology by 72% and the results of the regression coefficient positive direction of 0.785 shows a significant increase in the level of adoption of PUPK3G technology which has an impact on the implications and recommendations that PUPK3G technology needs to be widely improved to increase production and efficiency.