Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Melalui Pokdarwis dalam Pengembangan: Kasus Ekowisata Air Terjun Curup Kereta

The development of mangrove ecotourism in the Wonorejo area of Surabaya represents an effort to preserve the environment while simultaneously empowering the local economy. This study aims to analyze the implementation of mangrove ecotourism development through active participation of the Wonorejo village community. A qualitative research approach was employed, utilizing data collection techniques such as observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The results indicate that community participation is evident in various aspects, including ecotourism management, tourism service provision, and environmental education. However, the development process still faces several challenges, such as limited infrastructure access, funding constraints, and the need to enhance human resource capacity. Therefore, collaboration between the government, local communities, and private stakeholders is essential to establish a sustainable ecotourism ecosystem that provides balanced economic, social, and ecological benefits.

Sustainable mangrove ecotourism development can provide economic benefits from the mangrove ecosystem without damaging it, one of which is mangrove ecotourism in Lantebung. This ecotourism development involves various actors such as local government, community management groups (JEKOMALA) and non-governmental organizations. This cross-actor collaboration reflects the process of collective action interacting with one another according to the interrelationships and roles they play in solving problems. This study aims to analyze the form of collective action in the development of a mangrove ecotourism program in Lantebung, Makassar City. Using a qualitative case study approach, this study adopts the collective action theoretical framework developed by Carlsson (2000), which includes six dimensions, namely: (1) Contextual Factors, (2) Problem Definition, (3) Growth and Spread of Common Beliefs, (4) Trigger Factors, (5) Actor Mobilization, and (6) Coordination and Control. Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews, document studies and field observations involving local government, non-governmental organizations, and civil society. The research results indicate that contextual factors, such as natural resource potential and community involvement, are the primary foundation for collective action. However, Lantebung ecotourism management still faces challenges such as suboptimal coordination and role allocation between stakeholders, low human resource capacity, and weak community management institutions. Nevertheless, the community's enthusiasm for environmental conservation and collective awareness of the importance of mangrove conservation are key strengths in maintaining ecotourism sustainability. This research confirms that the success of mangrove ecotourism development depends not only on natural potential but also on the effectiveness of collective action among stakeholders in creating synergy and sustainable collaborative governance.

This study aims to analyze community-based ecotourism strategies to empower the local economy in Bone Regency. Using qualitative methods and a case study approach, this research involved 20 informants consisting of 10 domestic tourists, 5 tourism agency employees, and 5 members of the environmental community. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, field observations, and documentation, then analyzed thematically. The results showed that the implementation of community-based ecotourism strategies was able to have a positive impact on the local economy. Communities are actively involved in the management of ecotourism destinations, which not only increases their income but also strengthens awareness of the importance of preserving the environment. Community participation in environmental conservation and tourism management, such as waste management and ecosystem conservation, has proven to be an important factor in the success of ecotourism. In addition, the role of local government and the environmental community plays a significant role in supporting the sustainability and development of ecotourism. This study concludes that community-based ecotourism strategies can be an effective model of local economic empowerment, but further collaboration between the government, communities, and tourists is needed to improve social and environmental impacts sustainably.

Mudal River, one of the potential ecotourism destinations in Indonesia, faces challenges in implementing sustainable management practices. Ecotourism management is a strategic approach that supports environmental conservation while providing good economic impacts for local communities. This study aims to identify ecotourism potential and evaluate management strategies in Mudal River, with a focus on environmental conservation and community involvement. This study used a mixed method, that combines qualitative and quantitative approaches. Qualitative data were collected through direct observation, in-depth interviews with key informants, and literature studies related to ecotourism and environmental conservation. In addition, to support qualitative analysis, questionnaires were also distributed to tourists and local communities to evaluate tourism potential using the 4A concept (Attraction, Accessibility, Amenity, Ancillary). The results of the study indicate that local community involvement is very important in maintaining the environmental quality and biodiversity of Mudal River. The community is involved in various conservation activities, such as river clean-up programs, waste management, and environmental education. Based on data analysis, the lack of environmental awareness and education is a challenge in increasing active participation. Quantitative data analysis shows that the tourism potential in Mudal River is quite high in terms of natural attractions, accessibility, and supporting facilities, although there is still room for improvement, especially in terms of tourism services. Collaborative efforts between ecotourism managers and local communities have had a positive impact on the sustainability of ecotourism. This study concludes that ecotourism management in Mudal River based on environmental conservation and community participation can improve environmental quality and ecosystem sustainability. Recommendations for further development include improving environmental education, better waste and water management, and the need for stakeholder involvement in monitoring and sustainable development.

This study aims to analyze local community participation in sustainable tourism management in the Cacalan Beach Area, Banyuwangi. Sustainable tourism is an important concept to maintain a balance between economic, social, and environmental aspects so that local community involvement is crucial. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach, where data is collected through in-depth interviews, field observations, and documentation. Research respondents include local communities, tourism managers, local governments, and related business actors. The results of the study show that local community participation is reflected in various activities, such as environmental conservation through beach cleaning activities, waste management, the development of a creative economy based on tourism, and the promotion of local culture. In addition, the community is also involved in providing tourism services such as culinary, accommodation, and tour guides. However, there are challenges in the form of limited knowledge and resources that hinder the optimization of the role of the community in sustainable tourism management. Factors such as government support and ongoing training for local communities are needed to improve the quality of participation. This study concludes that local community participation in the Cacalan Beach Area is quite significant, but needs to be improved with stronger collaboration between the community, government, and the private sector. Community empowerment efforts through education and training are key to achieving more sustainable tourism management in the future.

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of local government policies in promoting sustainable economic development through the development of ecotourism in Berau Regency, East Kalimantan. Berau Regency is known for its significant potential in the ecotourism sector, particularly with prominent destinations such as the Derawan Islands and Labuan Cermin Village. The local government has adopted several strategic policies, outlined in documents such as RIPPDA and RPJMD, to support the development of sustainable ecotourism. However, the effectiveness of these policies remains uncertain, especially in terms of implementation, equitable distribution of benefits, and environmental conservation. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach, utilizing data collection methods such as in-depth interviews, policy document analysis, and field observations. The findings indicate that, although the policies align with the principles of sustainable development, their implementation faces significant challenges. In particular, local community involvement is uneven, environmental conservation efforts are insufficient, and coordination between stakeholders is suboptimal. Analysis through public policy theory, sustainable development theory, and ecotourism theory reveals that the existing policies, while normative, are not sufficiently effective in achieving inclusive and sustainable development goals. Therefore, improvements in governance, capacity building for local communities, and enhanced evaluation and monitoring mechanisms are necessary to ensure that ecotourism policies in Berau Regency contribute to sustainable and equitable economic development.

Awareness is a driving force for women to be involved in ecotourism management. With objective awareness, they will become tourism actors who can play an active and productive role in providing tourism services to visitors. This study aims to determine the rise of awareness in the development of ecotourism. Women's awareness in ecotourism management needs to be developed in order to ensure the existence of tourism to be more useful and they can participate actively in tourism management. This research used a qualitative approach. The subjects of this research were the manager coordinator, tourism manager, members of Dasawisma, and the local community in the Glugut Park Tourism, in Bantul, Indonesia. Their participation was decided by purposive sampling. Data collection techniques used were observation, interviews, and documentation. The data validity was done by triangulating the source and extended observation. The results show that increasing women's awareness can eventuate and be impactful toward their active participation in the tourism management. Therefore, for optimal result, women’s capacity improvement in regard to local-potential-based tourism development needs to be fully worked on so that they will get additional meaningful effects.JEL Classification: I29; O10; Z32

The Forest Management Unit of Region IV of Balige has a working area within Toba Regency, one of the regencies in North Sumatra Province which is rich in ecotourism potential. SWOT analysis was used in this study to analyze community perception and participation in ecotourism development planning and establish sustainable strategies for ecotourism development within the study area. Data were collected through focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, and a questionnaire survey with 114 respondents. The data were then analyzed using participatory analysis, involving a variety of community groups. Community members generally had a positive attitude toward the ecotourism development plan. The average community participation indicating a medium level of community engagement in ecotourism development. The positioning of strategies for ecotourism development within Quadrant I of the SWOT diagram, where strengths and opportunities are high, is an ideal scenario. To ensure long-term success, the strategies for the Forest Management Unit of Region IV of Balige should leverage positive community perceptions, address gaps in participation, and align with sustainable development goals, benefiting both the community and the environment. This study makes a unique contribution to ecotourism planning by integrating local knowledge and community involvement in ecotourism management strategy development.

Benchmarks of the success of a tourist attraction can be seen from the involvement of the community. Community based tourism is a form of tourism development that aims to empower people in independence and decision making. This study aims to determine and analyze the involvement of local communities in the development of tourism in the Palawa’ Village and identify any obstacles that affect the involvement of local communities in the development of Palawa’ Village. This research was conducted for 6 months from September 2019. Researchers used data collection methods through interviews, observations, and documentation to the management or manager of Palawa’ Village and the community and used a descriptive qualitative approach. The results of this study indicate that lack of community involvement in Palawa’ Village. This is because not all communities have a traditional house (Tongkonan) so they cannot be directly involved and only become spectators in every activity that is held. The internal factors that influence community involvement are the low quality of education so that limited knowledge is very influential on how to manage good tourism businesses and existing entrepreneurial management knowledge. While externally, there is a lack of cooperation between tourism managers and outsiders such as the Culture and Tourism Office, Regional Planning Agency (Bappeda), Youth Organization and Pokdarwis. Researchers provide recommendations to managers to provide counseling or training to the community so that community knowledge about tourism is higher, Involving all communities and stakeholders in the development of Palawa’ Village attractions and increasing good cooperation between managers and outsiders.

This study aims to describe the role of local communities in the development of community-based tourism at Danau Kaolin tourist site, identify supporting and inhibiting factors of community involvement, and analyze its impact on tourism sustainability. The research employs a qualitative method with a descriptive phenomenological approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document studies involving 40 participants including local community members, tourism managers, community leaders, and local government officials. Data analysis was conducted thematically through data reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that local communities play a central role in managing and developing tourism, especially in providing tourism services and environmental conservation. The shift in livelihoods from traditional sectors to tourism services positively impacts the community’s economic and social conditions. However, limited access to training, infrastructure, and minimal participation in decision-making are major obstacles. The novelty of this research lies in its contextual focus on Danau Kaolin as a post-mining tourism destination with unique characteristics, and the use of a phenomenological approach to deeply explore community experiences. The study implies the importance of comprehensive community empowerment and inclusive policy support to enhance the strategic role of local communities in sustainable tourism development.

Taman Beach as one of the superior tourist destinations in Pacitan has now begun to develop. The development of Taman Beach tourism object is inseparable from the efforts which are initiated by the Group of Turtle Rescue Society for Tourism "Taman Ria" which develops turtle conservation activities through the concept of community-based ecotourism. Local people have also developed tourist attractions such as flying fox and swimming pools to attract tourists to visit it and a portion of the tourism incomes for the funding of turtle conservation activities. However, in the development process, there are problems such as the low level of community participation and the lack of management of tourist object that is integrated with the local community.This study aims to analyze the role and level of community participation in supporting the development of community-based ecotourism in the Taman Beach area. The method used in this research is descriptive quantitative. Quantitative data analysis using the Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) approach. Data collection is done by using questionnaires and observations in the field. The variables studied included the dimensions of planning, management, monitoring, and supervision. The results of the study indicate that the involvement of local communities in the development of ecotourism does not support sustainability, with an average sustainability index value of 46.864. The level of community participation according to Arnstein's participatory ladder from the aspect of planning and management aspects has reached the level of placement participation in the tokenism category (accepting the provisions). Whereas from the aspect of monitoring and controlling has reached the level of consultation participation in the tokenism category (accepting the provisions). The results of the analysis show that policy strategies are needed to increase community participation through increasing community roles and responsibilities in planning, management, monitoring, and controlling. Keywords: community based, ecotourism, multidimensional scaling

Community-based tourism development in Indonesia, especially in villages that have great natural and cultural potential, still faces challenges in increasing community participation and sustainable management. This study aims to analyse sustainable human resource development strategies in tourism objects in Klaisu Village, Jayapura Regency. This research uses a qualitative approach with a purposive sampling method to select 11 informants who are community leaders of Klaisu Village, who have direct experience in tourism and natural resource management. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, field observations, and documentation analysis. The results showed that although Klaisu Village has great tourism potential, such as agricultural products and natural beauty, community participation in tourism management is still low. Sustainable human resource development through training and community empowerment, as well as collaboration with external parties, are the main keys in overcoming this challenge. In addition, marketing issues, financial issues, and social issues are also inhibiting factors in the management of sustainable tourism destinations. The implication of this research is the need to increase community capacity in tourism management and strengthen cooperation with various parties to realise economic, social and cultural sustainability in Klaisu Village.

This study aims to describe the forms of community participation and analyze the supporting and inhibiting factors in the preservation of the Wolotopo Traditional Village tourism site, located in Ende Regency, East Nusa Tenggara. Employing a qualitative approach with a case study method, data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observations, and documentation involving purposively selected key informants, including traditional leaders, village officials, local residents, and representatives from the Tourism Office. The findings indicate that community participation comprises four main forms: psychological (idea contribution), physical (labor), material (goods), and financial (monetary) participation. Psychological participation remains limited due to low cultural literacy and a lack of participatory space, while other forms of participation demonstrate more active community involvement in cultural and environmental preservation efforts. Supporting factors include strong social solidarity, collective programs such as the “Clean Friday” initiative, and institutional collaboration, whereas obstacles consist of inadequate infrastructure, economic dependence on the primary sector, and limited human resource capacity in tourism management. Therefore, the preservation of Wolotopo Traditional Village requires a sustainable, collaborative approach grounded in community empowerment, local economic strengthening, and the enhancement of social and cultural competencies.

Sitalang Tourism Village is located in Kauman Kidul Village, Sidorejo District, which is one of seven poverty priority villages in Salatiga City, so that it’s became a priority program for the development of Salatiga City. This tourism village plays an important role in increasing the independence of local economy through community empowerment activities. Currently, Sitalang Tourism Village is local community economic recovery program post Covid-19. These mechanisms certainly affects availability of tourism components, community participation, and tourism development model implemented in Sitalang Tourism Village. This study aims to examine the development model of Sitalang Tourism Village. This study used a qualitative descriptive approach. Sample selection technique used purposive sampling. Data collection techniques used documentation, observation, and in-depth interview techniques. Data processing and analysis techniques used coding analysis (developed by Strauss and Corbin, 1998) and test of validity data used the source triangulation technique. The results showed that the form of community participation in the development of Sitalang Tourism Village includes planning, implementation, and share benefits stage. At the planning stage, community involvement was identified through several types of activities, namely in training related to tourism management, the formation of Tourism Awareness Groups, the preparation of master plans, and the provision of road access. At the implementation stage, community participation was identified through community involvement in three forms, namely attraction managers, arts and cultural actors, and MSME actors. Furthermore, at the impact acceptance stage, community participation is identified in the form of receiving benefits to the community from tourism management activities in Sitalang Tourism Village which are divided into two, namely economic impacts and socio-cultural impacts.

This research aims to identify strategies that enhance community participation in supporting the sustainability of ecotourism development policies. The study specifically explores how local communities can be involved in decision-making, implementation, benefit-sharing, and evaluation activities within ecotourism projects. The methodology used is a qualitative literature review, drawing on secondary data from sources such as journal articles, theses, government reports, and books relevant to community engagement and ecotourism. The results indicate that active community participation significantly improves the sustainability and success of ecotourism projects. By engaging local communities, ecotourism not only promotes environmental and cultural conservation but also brings economic benefits, such as job creation and income growth for local populations. In particular, the involvement of communities in planning and policy evaluation is essential for aligning ecotourism initiatives with local needs. The conclusion emphasizes that fostering community involvement through education and training is critical for empowering communities and ensuring the long-term sustainability of ecotourism projects. This research provides valuable insights for policymakers to create more inclusive and sustainable ecotourism development strategies. Keywords: ecotourism, policy, community