PECULIARITIES OF THE FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT OF JOINT STOCK COMPANIES

Abstract

The joint-stock form of business organization is one of the common forms of the functioning of economic companies in modern economic development conditions, which, in turn, is associated with the processes of privatization, corporatization, and its numerous advantages. The peculiarities of the economic and legal basis of the functioning of domestic JSCs are defined in the Law of Ukraine «On Joint-Stock Companies», according to which they are divided into private and public. The article defines the advantages and disadvantages of the functioning of domestic JSCs, as well as the differences between their types. The article states that JSCs play a vital role in the country's economy, which is due to the fact that this type of business entity forms the largest share of Ukraine's GDP, as well as a significant part of the State budget's revenues. Besides, it also positively affects the technological and innovative development of economic processes. Based on the analysis, the authors came to the conclusion that for the period of 2017-2021, there was a decrease in the number of joint-stock companies by 7,509 units or by 51%. The share of JSCs in the total number of legal entities of Ukraine is insignificant and gradually decreases from 1,19% in 2017 to 0,5% in 2021. There is a prevalence of private joint-stock companies in the structure of JSC types, which is associated with the peculiarities of the development of the domestic corporate sector. During the period of analysis of the activities of joint-stock companies, the volume of share issuance and the number of their issues decreased. The article states that the efficiency of JSCs activities largely depends on the quality of the financial management organization. Having studied various interpretations of the essence of the concept of «financial management», the authors provided their own definitions. The article characterizes components of organizational support for the financial management of a joint-stock company, namely: purpose, tasks, principles, and functions. Apart from that, the authors also highlighted the financial management information support system, which serves as the basis for evaluating the efficiency of JSC's financial resources management. In order to develop sound management decisions in the financial management system of JSC, it is advisable to use a set of groups of indicators of JSC's financial condition, which make it possible to focus on the strengths of financial and economic activity and identify problematic issues of the functioning of companies. The results of the conducted financial analysis should be applied both in current activities and in the exploitation of strategic development directions.