Abstract
The article is about the biodiversity of xylotrophic fungi of oak and hornbeam forests of Abkhazia and related destructive processes of the main forest-forming species (oak and hornbeam). The species composition of fungi subjected to phytopathogenic and saprotrophic methods of decomposition was determined. The species composition of mycobiota, causing wood xylolysis practically up to the last stages of decomposition, has been determined. Key words: biodiversity, xylotrophic fungi, succession, Republic of Abkhazia.
Highlights
One of the most important problems in the field of biology is the problem of the decomposition of complex organic substances in natural conditions
The aim of this work was to study the biodiversity of xylotrophic fungi, the ecological patterns of their dispersal and to identify the main destructors of broadleaved formations of the Pitsunda-Müsser Reserve of Abkhazia
Depending on the trophic affiliation, the succession of xylotrophic fungi can be divided into two groups: successions starting with a lesion of a living tree and successions on dead wood
Summary
One of the most important problems in the field of biology is the problem of the decomposition of complex organic substances in natural conditions. The processes of accumulation and decomposition of dead organic residues are subject to significant fluctuations depending on a number of factors: the composition of vegetation, climatic features, etc. The decomposition of organic substances is caused by the vital activity of soil organisms, especially bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes. There are a number of studies showing that the decomposition of persistent ligno-cellulose compounds in nature is realized by certain groups of fungi, mainly higher basidial and marsupials. These groups of fungi have a set of enzymes that can affect resistant plant compounds. The aim of this work was to study the biodiversity of xylotrophic fungi, the ecological patterns of their dispersal and to identify the main destructors of broadleaved formations of the Pitsunda-Müsser Reserve of Abkhazia
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