Abstract
Background: The advent of PD-1/L1 inhibitors has changed the landscape for patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Meanwhile, theadverse eventsof PD-1/L1 inhibitorshave been focused. Methods: The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed and Embase databases and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from inception to February 2021. Results:18studies involving 11,394 patients with NSCLC were included. PD-1/L1 inhibitor monotherapy was associated (relative risk, 95% confidence interval) with an increased risk of pericardial effusion (2.72 [1.45-5.12]; p=0.002) and cardiac tamponade (2.76 [1.15-6.62]; p=0.023), whereas PD-1/L1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy did not increase the risk of pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade (3.08 [0.93-10.21]; p=0.066 and 3.27 [0.37-28.94]; p=0.288, respectively). Conclusion: For patients with NSCLC, treatment with PD-1/L1 inhibitor monotherapy increases the risk of pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade, but PD-1/L1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy do not.
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