Abstract
This study examined profiles of infant observed distress and physiological regulation indexed by respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) levels during the still-face paradigm at 6months using a person-centered approach. Mothers and infants (N=206) participated in the study when infants were 6months, 1year, and 2years old. Attachment was assessed at 1year via the Strange Situation. Children's compliance behaviors were assessed at 2years during a toy clean-up task. Mothers reported children's behavior problems at 4.5years. Latent profile analysis yielded four profiles: highly distressed, but regulating; over-regulated; resilient to distress; and under-regulated. Infants in the "resilient to distress" profile characterized by high RSA levels and low negative affect exhibited the most adaptive outcomes such as lower attachment avoidance, higher compliance, and lower behavior problems. Therefore, this study highlights the importance of considering patterns of behavioral and physiological indicators of infant emotionality together for understanding adaptive functioning.
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