Abstract
During early development the hindbrain is segmentally organised along the rostrocaudal axis into units termed rhombomeres. This segmental organisation is underlain by patterns of cellular differentiation. A relationship between the organisation of the branchiomotor and somatic motor nerves and the segmented ground plan has been found. It has also been shown that neural crest cells have a segmental origin. The expression patterns of a number of putative regulatory genes relate to the rhombomere pattern. Foremost amongst these are the Hox gene family. This family of genes are particularly interesting as they are thought to be involved in rostrocaudal patterning. A number of recent experiments, both embryological and genetic, support such a role for these genes in the rhombencephalon.
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