Pathological and ATR-FTIR spectral changes of delayed splenic rupture and medical significance

Abstract

Traumatic delayed splenic rupture often follows by a “latent period” without typical symptoms after injury. During this period, though there are no obvious symptoms, the injury is still present and changing. In this study, we constructed an SD rat model of delayed splenic rupture; evaluated the model by HE staining, Perl’s staining, Masson trichrome staining and immunohistochemical staining; observed the pathological changes of spleen tissue in delayed splenic rupture at different times after splenic injury; we found that pathological change of injured tissues were different from non-injured, and has phases-change patterns, it can be roughly divided into three phases: 2–7 d, 10–14 d, and 18–28.We then investigated the relationship between the pathological changes and FTIR spectroscopy by chemometric methods. The main distinction of injured and non-injured tissue was the protein secondary structure of amide I, and the main distinctions of different phases of delayed splenic rupture were protein secondary structures and content of amide I and amide II.A classification model developed by SVM-DA was used to infer three phases (2–7 days, 10–12 days and 14–28 days). According to the most probable class, the accuracy of external validation is 96.7%. The results indicate that FTIR spectroscopy combined with various types of pathological staining has a potential for forensic identification and can provide theoretical support and diagnostic reference on clinical persistent injury.