Abstract
Species of the genus Aspergillus, section Flavi are facultative plant pathogens with the capability to contaminate primary agricultural products in the field, at harvest, in warehouses, and during processing. Infection is done through silk or injuries on maize ears. The objective of this study was to test pathogenicity of 25 A. parasiticus isolates on barley leaves. A parasiticus was isolated from maize kernels collected from 22 locations in Serbia during 2013-2015. Inoculation of the first barley leaf was done by the spore suspension of the fungus A. parasiticus. The spot sizes were statistically compared and this comparison showed that the isolate MRIZP 3930 was the least virulent. The isolate MRIZP 3819 was the most virulent seven days after inoculation and together with the isolate MRIZP 4265 was classified into the most aggressive group rated as 5. Pathogenicity was confirmed in all isolates.
Highlights
Climatic changes have favoured extraordinary high intensity occurrence of pathogenic and toxigenic species of the genus Aspergillus under Serbian agroecological conditions during the maize growing season (Nikolić et al, 2015)
Due to economic damages on maize grain caused by A. parasiticus as well as due to potential contamination by aflatoxins, the aim of the present study was to analyse the pathogenicity potential of A. parasiticus isolates originated from Serbia
The virulence test of 25 A. parasiticus isolates was performed on the first barley leaf, which was cut, prior to inoculation, sprayed with a 70% ethanol solution, dried and placed into Petri dishes with wet filter paper (2 ml of sterile distilled water/Petri dish)
Summary
Climatic changes have favoured extraordinary high intensity occurrence of pathogenic and toxigenic species of the genus Aspergillus under Serbian agroecological conditions during the maize growing season (Nikolić et al, 2015). High temperatures as well as high relative humidity of air are necessary for the occurrence and the intensive development of maize ear aspergillosis under field conditions. According to studies carried out by Raymond et al (2000) the pathogenicity of Aspergillus flavus isolates in the USA has been confirmed on French bean leaves under in vitro conditions.
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