Abstract
Nayarit ranks first in national soursop production (Annona muricata L.). However, the soursop fruits are perishable and susceptible to microorganisms attack, reaching up to 60% of the postharvest losses. Due to the previously mentioned points, the objective of the present study was to isolate, identify, and determine the pathogenicity of fungi related to postharvest diseases in soursop fruits in the main producing areas of Nayarit, Mexico. Several fungi belonging to the genera Fusarium sp., Rhizopus, Lasiodiplodia, Gliocladium, and Colletotrichum were isolated and morphologically identified. Further, bioinformatics sequence analysis of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region of the rDNA identified that most pathogen species were Lasiodiplodia theobromae, Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae, and Nectria haematococca, which cause postharvest diseases in soursop fruit, affecting their quality. Lasiodiplodia causes the highest postharvest damage in soursop among the pathogenic species identified.
Highlights
In Mexico, the soursop (Annona muricata L.) is the most important agricultural crop of the Annonaceae family [1]
Soursop fruits of 500 g on average were collected in traditional orchards located in Tecuitata, San Blas (21◦ 270 06.99” N; 105◦ 080 44” W, 220 m.a.s.l.), El Tonino, Compostela
The Lasiodiplodia, Colletotrichum, Rhizopus, Fusarium, and Gliocladium genera were identified as potential pathogens of the soursop fruit
Summary
In Mexico, the soursop (Annona muricata L.) is the most important agricultural crop of the Annonaceae family [1]. Nayarit is one of the leading producers of this fruit, followed by Colima and Michoacán, which together produce 85% of soursop [3]. The Annona genus comprises about 120 species of the tropical and subtropical climate. According to the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (SSIT-CONABIO), 13 genera and 37 species of the Annonaceae family have been located in Mexico [3]. The tree is 4 to 8 m high, and sometimes, it reaches up to 10 m [4]. It develops in hot and humid climates between
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