Abstract
Salmonellosis remains an important zoonotic disease and public health concern, Salmonella enterica serovar Albany is one of the motile serovars which has been identified from poultry and humans. However, its pathogenic potentials and shedding probability and duration from infected/colonized chickens have never been reported. To assess its pathogenic potentials and shedding probability 6 SPF BALB/c mice was inoculated with 0.1ml volume for each mice bacterial solution of 108 CFU/ml of Salmonella entrica serovar Albany after 24 hours the segments of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, caecum and colon were fixed to study the histopathology and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to confirm the Salmonella entrica serovar Albany in the intestinal mucus swabs. The control group consist of 6 SPF BALB/c mice were inoculated with 0.1ml of 0.9% normal saline, The pathogenesis incidence rate of the disease caused by S. entrica serovar Albany revealed that prominent blood vessels on caecum 100%, red intestinal serosal 100%, infiltration of inflammatory cells in the crypt of liberkhun and submuscular layer of small intestine 100%, enterocyte necrosis 100%, haemorrhagic enteritis 83.3%, cecitis 33.3%, colonitis 66.6%, villus atrophy 100%, crypt atrophy 100%, and detachment of epithelial tissue 50%, can occur as soon as 24 hours post infection. Infected S. entrica serovar Albany was also successfully re-isolated from the intestinal swabs which revealed that the mice is potentially shed the bacteria through feces.
Highlights
Salmonella spp. are Gram-negative, facultative intracellular bacteria and has a worldwide distribution [1,2]
The mice that were purchased from University Sains Malaysia Laboratory Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu, Kelantan were healthy and free from pathogen infection was housed under specific pathogen free (SPF) condition that are free of specified micro-organisms and parasites, but not necessarily free of others not specified and their SPF BALB/c mice lacked facultatively anaerobic gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, in their gut microbiota
Post Infection Clinical Signs Mice inoculated with 108 CFU/ml of bacteria per orally with S.enterica serovar Albany did not cause diarrhea, it causes depression between two to four hours post-infection
Summary
Salmonella spp. are Gram-negative, facultative intracellular bacteria and has a worldwide distribution [1,2]. Romania reported two Salmonella serovars in poultry that affect humans, namely S. enteritidis and S. typhimurium, and other non-typhoid strains including S. infantis, S. derby, S. colindale, S. rissen, S. ruzizi, S. virchow, S. brandenburg, S. bredeney, S. muenchen, S. kortrijk, and S. calabar [3,4]. Salmonella enterica is one of the common causes of gastroenteritis and bacteraemia in humans. S. enterica is present in a wide range of animals, food animals and have been identified as reservoirs for non-typhi Salmonella [5]. Salmonella are very persistent which can survive at least 26 months in artificially contaminated poultry food [6]. Infection with Salmonella often causes gastroenteritis with increase susceptibility in young children, older people and immunosuppressed person [6,9]
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