Abstract
Many genetic and environmental factors are involved in the pathogenesis of the formation of gallbladder (GB) stones. GB stone is divided into cholesterol gallstone, black pigment stone, and brown pigment stone. Each stone has different pathogenesis. Treatment of GB stone is divided into surgical and medical treatment according to the presence of biliary colic. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is standard in symptomatic GB stone patients with definite biliary colic. However, medical treatment may be helpful in patients without surgical indication. The treatment of gallstone in pregnant patients is the same as general gallstone treatment, but it is essential to extend the length of pregnancy and control pain as much as possible. Recently, there have been studies that attempted prophylactic medical treatment due to the increase in the frequency of cholesterol gallstone due to rapid weight loss. This chapter demonstrates the pathogenesis and treatment of GB stones in various conditions.
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