Abstract
National statistical data shows that almost all of Indonesia’s garlic needs are imported from other countries. Local production is only less than 10% of the total national demand for garlic. The Indonesian government is currently working to increase national garlic production in order to reduce imports dependency. One of the efforts taken is to increase the planting area through mandatory planting regulations for garlic importers. Every importer is required to grow garlic in Indonesia, which, if converted, is equivalent to five per cent of the total imported garlic. Importers are given freedom regarding the planting mechanism, whether to plant by themselves or through the partnership scheme with farmers. Particularly for the partnership scheme with farmers, it is necessary to study a partnership scheme that is mutually beneficial for both parties. A study was conducted in 2018 as part of a horticultural development policy analysis research to examine the effectiveness of cooperation in implementing mandatory garlic planting regulations for importers. This research was conducted in three locations, East Lombok, Magelang, and Temanggung. This study found that each of the three locations has different cooperation schemes. Farmers are interested in forming partnerships with importers for several reasons: certainty of obtaining seeds and operational costs, and other reasons such as marketing certainty and the opportunity to get cultivation technology assistance.
Highlights
Garlic is a horticultural commodity that has many benefits
Indonesian garlic production only less than 10% of total national demand, and causes the national import trend
The peak of Indonesian garlic production occurred in the period 1990-1997 marked by the harvested area reaching 21 thousand hectares with garlic production reaching 150 thousand tons, and only less than 10% of imported garlic [9]
Summary
Garlic is a horticultural commodity that has many benefits. It is used as a cooking spice and is useful for treating various diseases due to its bioactive components useful for the biological process [1,2,3]. It is why garlic has always become the lowest production value of all strategic agricultural commodities in Indonesia [8]. The ACFTA agreement caused a surge in garlic imports in 2008 where the volume of imported garlic rose by 25 percent from the previous year [10] With this garlic import, local Indonesian garlic has become less competitive, especially in terms of price. This condition has further worsened Indonesia’s national garlic production and cause Indonesia to become the largest garlic importer in the world [10,12]
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