Paraophioidina scolecoides n. sp., a new aseptate gregarine from cultured Pacific white shrimp Penaeus vannamei

Abstract

The aseptate gregarine Paraophloidina scolecoides n. sp. (Eugregarinorida: Lecudinidae) heavily infected the nlidgut of cultured larval and postlarval specimens of Penaeus vannamei from a commercial 'seed-production' facility in Texas, USA. It is morphologically similar to P korotneffi and P vibiliae, but it can be distinguished from them and from other members of the genus by having gamonts associated exclusively by lateral syzygy. Shrimp acquired the infection at the facility; nauph did not show any evidence of infection, but protozoea, mysis, and postlarval shrimp had a prevalence and intensity of infection ranging from 56 to 80 % and 10 to >50 parasites, respectively. Infected shrimp removed from the facility to aquaria at another location lost their gamont infection within 7 d. When voided from the gut, the gregarine disintegrated in seawater. Results suggest that P vannamei is an accidental host, although a survey of representative members of the invertebrate fauna from the environment associated with the facility failed to discover other hosts. No link was established between infection and either the broodstock or the water or detritus from the nursery or broodstock tanks.