Abstract
Knowledge of Antarctic habitat biodiversity, both marine and terrestrial, has increased considerably in recent years, causing considerable development in the studies of life science related to Antarctica. In the Austral summer 1986–1987, a new thermophilic bacterium, Parageobacillus thermantarcticus strain M1 was isolated from geothermal soil of the crater of Mount Melbourne (74°22′ S, 164°40′ E) during the Italian Antarctic Expedition. In addition to the biotechnological potential due to the production of exopolysaccharides and thermostable enzymes, successful studies have demonstrated its use in the green chemistry for the transformation and valorization of residual biomass and its employment as a suitable microbial model for astrobiology studies. The recent acquisition of its genome sequence opens up new opportunities for the use of this versatile bacterium in still unexplored biotechnology sectors.
Highlights
The knowledge of thermophiles biodiversity could be very useful for the discovery of new molecules and/or more thermostable biocatalysts with thermophilic and thermostability properties superior to those currently known and in use [1,2]
The biggest part of thermophiles studied belongs to the genus Geobacillus, and several strains have been found in thermophilic and mesophilic environments [1,4]
At 70 ◦ C after 24 h of incubation, the major product of hydrolysis was xylose. These results showed that xylanase cleaved the substrate to liberate xylo-oligosaccharides, and the resulting oligosaccharides have been cleaved to form xylose by beta-xylosidase action
Summary
The knowledge of thermophiles biodiversity could be very useful for the discovery of new molecules and/or more thermostable biocatalysts with thermophilic and thermostability properties superior to those currently known and in use [1,2]. Thermantarcticus produced extremely interesting results of and was recently reported [9,10] These rhizomes of Arundo donax and the waste stems and leaves biomasses of Cynara cardunculus, enzymes, which were involved in the enzymatic digestions of hemicellulolitic fraction obtained have from been usedoffor the bioconversion agroresidues into xylo-oligomers and fermentable sugars. Phylogenomic Re-Assessment of Bacillus thermoantarcticus to Parageobacillus thermantarcticus It was 1996 when Nicolaus et al [8] described the isolation and the taxonomic description of a new Antarctic thermophilic species of Bacillus strain M1, isolated from the geothermal soil of Mount. 23 the hybridization) to 63 genome sequences of Geobacillus strains, came to the conclusion ofthat genus Geobacillus comprised sixteen distinct genomospecies and, among these, different and potential new authors stated that theconclusion genus Geobacillus clusters into two applied to 63species.
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