Abstract
A physics based technique is described for computing both forward scattered and backscattered (i.e., reverberation) fields from realistic rough sea surfaces at cm wavelengths. The method is based on a novel split-step Fourier parabolic wave equation (PWE) method incorporating a stochastic wind and swell ocean wave spectral model which includes both gravity and capillary scales. Comparisons between the PWE based scattered fields and results using the standard Miller–Brown rough surface reflection coefficient method will be shown. Examples of the rough surface scattered field vertical angle-of-arrival spectra under a variety of ducting conditions will be shown, and the impact on high precision spatial tracking (beamforming) discussed.
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