Abstract
Resumo Estudos sobre a efetividade das compras públicas frequentemente enfatizam o preço de aquisição. Pouco se sabe, contudo, sobre outras dimensões de desempenho das contratações realizadas pelo governo, incluindo as relações de interdependência entre custo de aquisição e qualidade. Usando a celeridade na entrega como dimensão alternativa de desempenho, este estudo investigou quais são os mecanismos que ajudam a compreender a redução dos preços contratados e dos prazos de entrega dos objetos adquiridos por meio de compras públicas eletrônicas, bem como a influência da economia obtida na fase de licitação sobre a celeridade da entrega. Analisando uma base de dados única, com informações detalhadas de 3.755 processos de compras realizadas por um órgão do governo federal, constatou-se que, embora as licitações eletrônicas sejam eficazes para reduzir preços contratados nos certames de intensa competição, não há relação significativa entre o acirramento da concorrência entre os participantes e a celeridade na entrega. Ademais, os resultados indicam que fornecedores com histórico de desempenho insatisfatório são exatamente aqueles que continuam comprometendo o resultado das compras públicas.
Highlights
Public organizations have been increasingly pressured to improve their performance in providing services, amid a context of increasing fiscal constraints (Gill and Frame, 1990; Boyne and Walker, 2010)
This study aims to answer the following research question: what are the mechanisms that help to understand the reduction of the contracted prices and of the delivery time of items procured in a government electronic procurement platform?
The data used in the research include information on 3,755 standardized lots that were procured through reverse auction in the electronic format, using the price registration system (SRP), by an organization of the Federal Public Administration (FPA) linked to the Ministry of Education (Organization X), in the years 2013 and 2014
Summary
Public organizations have been increasingly pressured to improve their performance in providing services, amid a context of increasing fiscal constraints (Gill and Frame, 1990; Boyne and Walker, 2010). The need to respond to these pressures has led governmental organizations to take internal measures to improve their performance These measures affect several areas, including government procurement (Kelman, 2002; Moon, 2002). This means that governmental organizations are increasingly likely to implement tools that can ensure good governance in their contracting processes, for example with online procurement platforms. These tools have been widely used by governments around the globe, mainly because they allow the automation of the bidding process increasing its speed, contributing to reduce contracting costs, and increasing transparency in government expenditure (Moon, 2005; Unpan, 2011). This study aims to answer the following research question: what are the mechanisms that help to understand the reduction of the contracted prices and of the delivery time of items procured in a government electronic procurement platform?
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