PALEONTOLOGICAL HERITAGE OF THE ULY-ZHILANSHIK RIVER BASIN (TURGAI DEPRESSION): GEOHERITAGE CONSERVATION AND TOURISM POTENTIAL

Geosites comprise geomorphological sites and geological sites with significant scientific value. Geotourism promotes such natural landscapes and opens opportunities for regional development with economic benefits. NEOM is a new regional development, part of the Vission 2030 of Saudi Arabia, born from sustainability, conservation of nature, development and tourism. In the absence of adequate data on geosites, this study aims to assess various geological, and geomorphological sites in NEOM. Fourteen geosites were identified from fieldwork, and a description card was prepared. The scientific, educational, tourism, and degradation risk value of geosites has been analysed. Based on qualitative study, inventory developed on key landforms like yardang, canyons, gully, evaporite hills and submarine landscapes according to the geological provinces with a detailed description card. The assessment indicates tectonic, weathering, coastal, and marine landform diversity in a region with moderate to high scientific, educational, and touristic value. Enumerable archaeological imprints are associated with the potential geosites, and ecological importance related to the geosite enhances the significance of the site. However, the chances of landform degradation are low to moderate. Considering the sustainable development approach of NEOM, geotourism will be an alternative opportunity for regional development.

Setu Babakan Betawi Cultural Village (PBBSB) is a built landscape to save and maintain Betawi cultural traditions, including religion, culture, and Betawi arts with a community. It is fostered by the culture which includes all the results of ideas and works, both physical and non-physical, such as art, customs, folklore, literature, culinary, clothing, and architecture that are characterized by Betawi. PBBSB is an area designated by the government as a sustainable Betawi cultural preservation area with diverse tourism potential. This research aimed to map the existing conditions, inventory the potential tourist attractions, to calculate the carrying capacity, and to develop a management strategy for the PBBSB area. The research method used descriptive quantitative and qualitative analysis, carrying capacity assessment, and SWOT analysis. Based on the results of the study, the existing condition of the PBBSB area still remained to facilitate the activities that take place in this area, obtained several types of tourism that can attract the attention of visitors to the PBBSB area to realize and learn more about Betawi culture, the value obtained the carrying capacity of PCC > RCC > ECC = 22,923 > 4,031 > 3,084. This value indicates that the current carrying capacity of the PBBSB allows the area to move towards the sustainability of the Betawi cultural preservation area. More over several regional management strategies can be used to preserve the area of Setu Babakan Betawi Cultural Village.

For the purpose of organizing geotourism trips, geological and geomorphological objects of the Beskydy of the Ukrainian Carpathians were studied. Seven geotourism areas were identified, such as: Urytskyi, Yamelnytskyi, Syniovydnenskyi, Skole, Kliucha-Kamiankyi, Bubnyskyi and Rozgirche. Each of them characterizes morphological features of geomorphological objects, composition and structure of rocks, describes certain historical and cultural events related to them. To determine the tourist attractiveness of geological and geomorphological sites, an assessment methodology was developed based on the following indicators: the number of geological sites, their maximum heights, accessibility, picturesqueness (scenic beauty), visibility (sites as a vantage point of the area), scientific, educational, historical and cultural value, tourist infrastructure, popularity and tourist attendance. The analysis revealed that the most attractive tourist area within the study area is the Urytskyi tourist district, which, due to its picturesque cliffs with high historical and cultural value, has a significant number of tourists. In second place is the Bubnyskyi geotourism area, which has the largest number of the highest and most picturesque rocks. In third place is the Skole geotourism district, which has seven geo-attractions and is best equipped with tourist infrastructure facilities. The Kliucha-Kamianka area has an above-average attractiveness, with the largest number of different types of objects within its boundaries. It is the most popular and most visited by tourists. The tourist attractiveness of the Syniovydnianskyi geotourism area is somewhat less than the previous one, but there are outcrops among the geoattractions that have a high scientific and educational value. The Yamelnytskyi district has little attractiveness, it is little known, and the tourist infrastructure is poorly developed, but there are many rocks of different morphological types. Compared to other districts, the geotourism attractiveness of the Rozhirche district is low. The assessment of the attractiveness of the selected tourist areas showed that the highest scores were given to areas where geological and geomorphological objects are morphologically more diverse, with significant morphometric indicators, high landscape value, geological representation of the Carpathian structure, and various sedimentary and anthropogenic signs on the rock surface. Keywords: geological and geomorphological objects; geo-tourism; geo-attraction; tourist attractiveness; Ukrainian Carpathians’ Beskid Mountains.

This article investigates Sephora's market development strategy as a leading worldwide retailer in the beauty business. A review of Sephora's target market, a comparison with IKEA's unplanned sourcing approach, and a detailed SWOT and PESTEL analysis yielded key results and recommendations for market development. Beauty aficionados who value high-quality goods and individualized shopping experiences are Sephora's target market. Sephora can improve shop layout and presentation, stimulate spontaneous purchases, and enhance sales by borrowing from Ikea's successful strategy. Sephora's excellent brand recognition, large product selection, and devoted client base are highlighted in the SWOT analysis, while opportunities for development in digital consumer interaction and promotional promotions are identified. Product diversification, collaborations, and growth into foreign regions are all possibilities for Sephora. Threats include competition from traditional and internet stores, as well as the problem of counterfeit items. The PESTEL research indicates the necessity of adhering to government rules, reacting to economic trends, responding to changes in beauty trends and sustainability, and utilizing technical improvements to enhance online business and sales channels. On this premise, it is suggested that online and physical sales channels should be used to complement each other.

This study focuses on Țara Hațegului, a region with significant geological, ecological, and cultural resources, and examines how geosites can inform development strategies that promote geotourism while supporting landscape conservation. The research addresses the need to better integrate geosites into spatial planning by conducting geosite assessment and mapping, overlay analysis with settlement typologies, geosite density analysis, and delineation of priority landscape conservation areas. A methodological framework was developed, combining geospatial analysis, site-specific evaluation, and strategic zoning to support planning and decision-making. In the results, 48 geosites were identified and assessed, out of which 7 were classified as having high Potential Touristic Use (PTU), 13 as moderate, and 28 as low. Spatial analysis revealed that most high-PTU geosites are located in rural or adjacent uninhabited areas, indicating both development opportunities and infrastructural constraints. A geosite density map highlighted clusters suitable for coordinated management, while a prioritization model delineated three landscape conservation zones based on geosite value and distribution. The SWOT analysis further contextualized these findings, outlining strengths such as the region’s rich geoheritage and multi-layered protection, as well as limitations linked to infrastructure and management capacity. By positioning geosites as territorial assets, the research highlights their potential to support sustainable, place-based strategies in regions where geological heritage is a defining element of the local landscape.

Quantitative assessment of the geomorphological heritage of the Pedra da Boca State Park's surroundings: Key geoheritage site in Northeast Brazil

River tourism destinations have become extremely popular over the past few decades. The beautiful rivers and landscapes of Barak and Brahmaputra in Assam offer great opportunities for exploration as well as aerial and water adventure activities. The development stage of river tourism is at the initial stage in the growing tourism industry. Kaziranga National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is one of the main centers of attraction along with other destinations in Assam, and it protects the endangered one-horned rhinoceros. The study area has become a popular travel destination for nature lovers because of its beautiful rivers, national parks, islands, and diverse landscapes. This study analyzed the dynamics of river tourism and opportunities along the Brahmaputra River using qualitative research methodology. The main purpose of this study is to examine the growth and development of river tourism in Assam. This study aims to assess the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats associated with river tourism in the study area. The findings show that most areas in the Brahmaputra River have great opportunities for river tourism development despite various challenges. It also provides a systematic plan of the existing conditions of river tourism in the area and helps to identify the potential and challenges of the area. The findings of this study are also important for researchers, policymakers, and planners looking for ways to build sustainable tourism models that balance economic growth with environmental and social considerations in Assam.

Purpose. The aim of the article is to research the modern problems and prospects of sustainable development of rural areas of Ukraine in conditions of military operations, as well as determination of strategic guidelines for their restoration and development based on SWOT and PESTEL analysis. Methodology of research. Within the framework of this study, a systematic approach, general and special scientific methods were used. The method of scientific abstraction was used to identify key conceptual provisions of sustainable development of rural areas in conditions of martial law and to formulate a scientific hypothesis. Content analysis was used to analyse literary sources, regulatory documents, development strategies and results of previous research in the field of sustainable development. The step-by-step algorithm method – to structure the process of conducting SWOT and PESTEL analysis, which allowed to systematize data on internal and external factors of influence on rural communities. Formal and logical method was used to make theoretical generalizations, substantiate the chosen research methodology and formulate conclusions. Methods of analysis and synthesis were used for systematization the scientific approaches to the study of modern problems of sustainable development of rural areas and development of practical recommendations. Findings. The critical importance of sustainable development of rural areas in conditions of military operations was established for ensuring national food security and stability. SWOT and PESTEL analysis allowed identifying strategic opportunities, such as support from international donors, European integration processes, and threats associated with political instability and prolonged military operations. Originality. A comprehensive assessment of the relationships between internal resources of communities and external factors that shape their potential in crisis conditions was carried out. An integrated approach based on SWOT and PESTEL analysis was applied for strategic planning of sustainable development of rural areas of Ukraine in conditions of military operations. This study will contribute to informed decision-making in the field of rural management and the development of strategies that will ensure their restoration and development in the long term. Practical value. The obtained results can be used to develop state and regional strategies for the sustainable development of rural areas. The research recommendations will contribute to the effective allocation of resources, infrastructure restoration, and the formation of long-term programs for the development of rural communities, taking into account modern challenges. Key words: sustainable development, rural areas, military operations, strategic planning, SWOT analysis, PESTEL analysis, social and economic development.

The objective of this research consists of the elaboration 0f the procedure for the design of a regional tourist destination management strategy. To this end, the theoretical-conceptual bases of the research in relation to tourist destinations and their management are laid out, as well as their relationship with the design of strategies, so that it is possible to propose the procedure for the design of the regional tourist destination management strategy, structured in phases and stages. The main result is a holistic and relevant procedure; conceptual validation is achieved via expert judgment and practice through its application in the regional tourist destination of Villa Clara, Cuba. A strategy that facilitates the integration of the actors involved in the destination, efficiency in the use of resources, as well as satisfaction in the tourist experience, is achieved.

In this paper, the development of a method to assess the impact of a flood risk intervention on spatial quality is described. In order to make spatial quality a decisive criterion for the selection of flood risk management interventions, the assessment of the impact of an intervention on spatial quality should be assessed in a verifiable and reproducible way. As described in the first publication, the Delta Programme defined four alternative system strategies for the reduction of flood risk in the Rijnmond Drechtsteden area. In this research, the developed method is deployed to assess the impact of those alternative system scale interventions on local scale spatial quality. The developed method is based on the ‘Room for the River’ assessment framework for spatial quality, which is based on a combination of a criteria checklist and expert judgement. The Room for the River method is developed to test elaborate design proposals in a rural setting. In this research, the framework is adjusted and extended to test more conceptual interventions, and criteria are altered to fit the more urban setting of the Rijnmond Drechtsteden area. In the research, the criteria on the checklist (which are based on the perception of spatial quality of a combination of utility, attractiveness, and robustness) are only considered when deemed relevant by the experts. The checklist supports the expert judgement in two valuable ways: firstly, as a tool to during consecutive assessments provide the experts with a coherent and wide view of criteria, and secondly, to make the assessment verifiable and open to discussion. The method contains the following steps: Adapt the spatial assessment framework to specific conditions for a case study area. Visualise the various (local-scale) locations that need to be evaluated in a consistent and neutral fashion. Assess the current situation as a reference, using an expert team and relevant criteria from the framework Assess the new situation related to the flood risk protection strategy, using an expert team and relevant criteria from the framework. Though time-consuming, the assessment framework works well in achieving verifiable assessments regarding the impact of regional and local flood risk management interventions on spatial quality at a local scale, in this particular case study, by allowing the local scale spatial quality to function as a selection criterion for selecting a regional flood risk management strategy. In this dissertation research, spatial quality is aimed to be a criterion in strategy development and not just in selecting already composed strategies. In order to achieve this, in an earlier research stage, different measures will have to be assessed, and, based on the assessment, be selected or omitted as components of a regional flood risk management strategy.

In this paper, the development of a method to assess the impact of a flood risk intervention on spatial quality is described. In order to make spatial quality a decisive criterion for the selection of flood risk management interventions, the assessment of the impact of an intervention on spatial quality should be assessed in a verifiable and reproducible way. As described in the first publication, the Delta Programme defined four alternative system strategies for the reduction of flood risk in the Rijnmond Drechtsteden area. In this research, the developed method is deployed to assess the impact of those alternative system scale interventions on local scale spatial quality. The developed method is based on the ‘Room for the River’ assessment framework for spatial quality, which is based on a combination of a criteria checklist and expert judgement. The Room for the River method is developed to test elaborate design proposals in a rural setting. In this research, the framework is adjusted and extended to test more conceptual interventions, and criteria are altered to fit the more urban setting of the Rijnmond Drechtsteden area. In the research, the criteria on the checklist (which are based on the perception of spatial quality of a combination of utility, attractiveness, and robustness) are only considered when deemed relevant by the experts. The checklist supports the expert judgement in two valuable ways: firstly, as a tool to during consecutive assessments provide the experts with a coherent and wide view of criteria, and secondly, to make the assessment verifiable and open to discussion. The method contains the following steps: Adapt the spatial assessment framework to specific conditions for a case study area. Visualise the various (local-scale) locations that need to be evaluated in a consistent and neutral fashion. Assess the current situation as a reference, using an expert team and relevant criteria from the framework Assess the new situation related to the flood risk protection strategy, using an expert team and relevant criteria from the framework. Though time-consuming, the assessment framework works well in achieving verifiable assessments regarding the impact of regional and local flood risk management interventions on spatial quality at a local scale, in this particular case study, by allowing the local scale spatial quality to function as a selection criterion for selecting a regional flood risk management strategy. In this dissertation research, spatial quality is aimed to be a criterion in strategy development and not just in selecting already composed strategies. In order to achieve this, in an earlier research stage, different measures will have to be assessed, and, based on the assessment, be selected or omitted as components of a regional flood risk management strategy.

This article aims to know the realization of handling climate change in Indonesia through the implementation of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Goals-13.1.3 which focuses on implementing regional disaster management strategies in Indonesia in the 2017-2019 period. The method used in this research is a qualitative method and a literature review of various literature discussing handling climate change in Indonesia. The green theory perspective is used in analyzing the realization of Goals-13.1.3 in Indonesia. The research results show that the realization of handling climate change through the implementation of SDGs Goals-13.1.3 falls into the category of anthropocentric understanding and shallow environmental understanding; as well as placing greater emphasis on environmental sustainability by aligning people's consumption levels without excessive consumption; Regular environmental preservation and implementation of regional disaster management strategies will shape sustainable development in Indonesia

The models of nature assessment are investigated. An integrated ecological-economical assessment and a model for long term regional management strategies evaluation are offered.

An urgent necessity in socio-economic regional development strategy specification is being substantiated for the purpose of reconstructing and adjusting the TEA (Types of Economic Activity) structure, which is able to speed up the development of GRP (Gross Regional Product), GS (Gross Surplus) per person and steadily grade current interregional differentiation and asymmetry. To reach the target a special algorithm for Soft Computing has been created. On the example of the selected region it was proved that the present economic system is not self-organized and it requires an efficient public management. If the regional management strategy is not optimally chosen then in the system some uncontrolled fluctuations can be observed, that may lead to an economic crisis and the collapse of the economy system. Mathematical models of optimization of strategies building of 3 types have been constructed and their effectiveness has been quantitatively researched. It is proved, that the dynamic management strategy with the maximizing of the objective function at the end of the period under investigation, turned out to be the most effective. It is established that public administration which is based on a scientifically grounded quantitative approach, using advanced mathematical models of Soft Computing, allows building a strong economic foundation, which will be the basis for a further rapid growth of the regional economy.

This research aims to analyze and formulate a management and development strategy for Mount Pa'baladoan tourism in Tana Toraja Regency using SWOT analysis. Qualitative research method with data collection through interviews, observation and documentation studies. The results of the SWOT analysis show that Mount Pa'baladoan has strengths in the form of natural beauty, cultural richness, accessibility and local wisdom. However, there are weaknesses such as management that is not optimal, limited human resource capacity, and promotion that is less effective. The opportunities that exist are tourism growth, government support, and ecotourism-oriented community lifestyles. Meanwhile, the threats are competition from other destinations, natural disasters, as well as the impact of globalization and cultural westernization. Based on the SWOT analysis, the Mount Pa'baladoan tourism development strategy includes SO, WO, ST and WT strategies. The implementation of these strategies is expected to increase the competitiveness and sustainability of Mount Pa'baladoan tourism development in Tana Toraja Regency