Abstract
The issue of where Madagascar fits into a Gondwana reconstruction is highly significant, and has been the centre of some controversy. Although somewhat resolved now, the major conflict was between marine geophysical data and sedimentological evidence from the Somali basin. Two alternative hypotheses (north and south) were therefore proposed. When recent palaeobotanical data are applied to each, the limits of possible matching in the Palaeozoic are further restrained. There is such a close correspondence between Permian fossil floras of South Africa and Madagascar that, when lines of palaeolatitude are drawn from the then South Pole, a botanically comfortable fit places the micro-continent to the North of its present position on the coast of Somalia, and favours the north hypothesis.
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