Abstract
The scattering of X-rays by an assemblage of randomly orientated small crystallites is expressed in terms of an average pair correlation function. Fourier transforms of the intensity function are calculated by means of a digital computer program, and these provide data on the nearest neighbor distance, the mean square amplitude of vibration, the near neighbor vibrations and the mean potential function. Experimental results have been obtained for lead at 325°C, just below its melting point. The lattice parameter is 5.013 ± 1.0 Å, and the mean square amplitude of vibration, u 2 s , is 0.088 Å 2, corresponding to a Debye temperature of 69°K. The vibrational coupling factors for the first six shells are 0.47, 0.59, 0.68, 0.73, 0.76 and 0.79. The anharmonicity of the vibrations is indicated by the difference between the peak position of the first shell, 3480 Å and the mean position, 3.544 Å. The mean potential function shows a minimum at the nearest neighbor position of −0.066eV.
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