Pain and numbness one month after carpal tunnel release predict patient-reported outcome measures at sixth months

Abstract

A number of outcome predictors for carpal tunnel release (CTR) for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) have been reported. However, some predictors are controversial, and few studies have referred to the early postoperative outcome prognostic factors after CTR. The aim of this study was to investigate whether pain and numbness at 1 month post-CTR were early postoperative predictors of clinical outcomes 6 months after surgery. Pain and numbness were evaluated using the visual analog scale (VAS) preoperatively and at 1 month post-surgery. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), including the Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (QDASH) measure, the Hand20 questionnaire and the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire (BCTQ), were recorded for each patient 6 months after surgery. The BCTQ consisted of the Symptom Severity Scale (SSS) and Functional Status Scale (FSS). Multivariable linear regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between the VAS scores and PROMs. We retrospectively identified 93 patients who underwent open carpal tunnel release (OCTR) or endoscopic carpal tunnel release. The mean age of the patients was 67.5 years, and 67 patients (72.0%) were female. Sixty patients were treated by OCTR (65.0%). With multivariable linear regression analysis, we found that pain and numbness, evaluated with VAS 1 month post-surgery had significant correlations with QDASH, Hand20, SSS and FSS 6 months after surgery. In conclusion, pain and numbness 1 month after CTR predict PROMs at 6 months.