Abstract
Introduction: The hospitalization rate of young patients affected by stroke has been increasing and tends to worsen if there is no improvement in socioeconomic and educational conditions, quality of hospital care and primary and secondary control of risk factors. OBJECTIVE: To collect data and alert health professionals to the prevalence of stroke in children under 21 years of age, identify risk factors and their causes between 2005 and 2019, in a high complexity hospital in the western region of the state of São Paulo - Brazil. METHODS: An analytical longitudinal retrospective study was carried out using data collected from the patients’ medical records. RESULTS: The prevalence of stroke in children under 21 years of age hospitalized in the period was 0.18%. Excluding the external ones, thrombosis was the most frequent cause of stroke and most patients (74%) had comorbidities and/or concomitant risk factors, such as the use of oral contraceptive, allergic diseases, hematopathies, heart diseases, hydrocephalus, central nervous system tumors and autoimmune diseases. CONCLUSION: These data should alert health professionals to the importance of early diagnosis, as the initial signs and symptoms are nonspecific and can be confused with other neurological diseases, while the complications and sequelae are long-lasting, sometimes lifelong, and need to be minimized.
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