Abstract
This paper deals with topic markers interacting with discourse information in imperatives.It compares two topic markers from Slovenian (‘pa’) and Japanese (‘-wa’) and showsthat while they mostly match in terms of the foci they associate with, their functions differ inimperatives: only ‘pa’ may yield a concessive imperative reading. It is shown that this readingcan be derived while keeping a single entry for ‘pa’ by making attitudes of discourse participantspart of the focus ‘pa’ associates with. The split between Slovenian and Japanese can then beattributed to minor differences in terms of which foci ‘pa’ and ‘-wa’ may associate with.Keywords: imperatives, Slovenian, Japanese, alternative semantics, topic markers, focus,discourse particles, performative modality.
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