Abstract

The purpose of this pilot study was to explore relationships between daily physical activity levels and sleep efficiency in ambulatory boys with DMD. We used the Microsoft Band (MSBand) coupled to a Wi-Fi phone with control software to collect raw data. Fifteen ambulatory boys with DMD (7.5 ± 1.5 y) wore the MSBand and used the mobile app for two weeks. The MSBand/mobile app collected step counts to establish daily physical activity and sleep patterns to determine nightly sleep efficiency percentages. Pearson correlation demonstrated a positive relationship between daily step counts and sleep efficiency (r = 0.669; p < 0.000). On average, the boys with DMD achieved 6,170 ± 3,016 daily steps while experiencing 78 ± 14% sleep efficiency. The coinciding elevations and declines in activity levels and sleep efficiency showed large variability. Interestingly, fluctuating activity and sleep may demonstrate an innate self-regulatory ability. For example, for many of our boys, as daily activity increased, sleep efficiency increased; when activity reached a higher “pivotal” level, sleep efficiency began to decline followed by a decline in activity. These declines in daily activity may be required for rest and fortification (self-regulation). Following these rest periods, daily activity began to increase as did sleep efficiency. Importantly, it is unclear whether optimal amounts of daily activity assist to increase sleep efficiency or if higher percentages of sleep efficiency assist to increase daily activity levels. Further study is needed to examine if self-regulation capabilities exist among ambulatory boys with DMD, and if so, what would be an optimal step count range prescription to improve sleep efficiency (or vice versa). Such a discovery would offer the potential of using the MSBand as a resource for creating daily activity/sleep schedules with optimal recovery to prevent a sedentary lifestyle while avoiding fatigue in ambulatory boys with DMD.

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