Abstract
A series of carbide-derived carbons (CDCs) with different surface oxygen contents were prepared from TiC powder by chlorination and followed by HNO3 oxidation. The CDCs were characterized systematically by a variety of means such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, ultimate analysis, energy dispersive spectroscopy, N2 adsorption, and transmission electron microscopy. CO2 adsorption measurements showed that the oxidation process led to an increase in CO2 adsorption capacity of the porous carbons. Structural characterizations indicated that the adsorbability of the CDCs is not directly associated with its microporosity and specific surface area. As evidenced by elemental analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy, the adsorbability of the CDCs has a linear correlation with their surface oxygen content. The adsorption mechanism was studied using quantum chemical calculation. It is found that the introduction of O atoms into the carbon surface facilitates the hydrogen bonding interactions between the carbon surface and CO2 molecules. This new finding demonstrated that not only the basic N-containing groups but also the acidic O-containing groups can enhance the CO2 adsorbability of porous carbon, thus providing a new approach to design porous materials with superior CO2 adsorption capacity.
Highlights
Observational evidence proved that global warming has already caused a series of severe environmental problems such as sea level rise, glacier melt, heat waves, wildfires, etc. [1,2]
Compared with the pristine carbide-derived carbons (CDCs) sample before oxidation, the FT-IR spectrum of CDC-50 (Additional file 1: Figure S1) shows some new characteristic bands that were introduced by HNO3 oxidation
All this new emerging bands indicate that HNO3 oxidation introduced a large number of oxygencontaining functional groups, such as hydroxyl, carbonyl, and carboxyl groups, to the CDC [32,33,34]
Summary
Observational evidence proved that global warming has already caused a series of severe environmental problems such as sea level rise, glacier melt, heat waves, wildfires, etc. [1,2]. Observational evidence proved that global warming has already caused a series of severe environmental problems such as sea level rise, glacier melt, heat waves, wildfires, etc. It is widely believed that the global warming in recent years is mainly ascribed to the excessive emission of greenhouse gases, in which CO2 is the most important constituent. It is urgent to develop CO2 capture and storage (CCS) technologies [4]. There is an obstacle to reuse the CO2, which has been trapped in these geological structures, as an industrial raw material due to its low purity grade. It is necessary to develop a more feasible CCS technology
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