Abstract
Over generation of reactive molecules leads to oxidative stress which is a causative agent of many diseases occurrence including kidney disease. Oxidative stress at kidney tissue induces the cellular signaling pathways which may activate construction of growth and pro-inflammatory mediators, finally, lead to glomerulosclerosis and renal fibrosis. Both enzymatic and low molecular weight antioxidants are able to ameliorate these injurious impacts. Therefore, antioxidants are chemoprotective agents that neutralize cellular macromolecules oxidative damages. Numerous components are recognized to exert antioxidative properties that are originated from medicinal plants and have been administering as resourceful therapeutic approach in various diseases such as kidney failure. Therefore, we summarized the nephron-protective effects of several medicinal plants which are recently investigated at clinical trials.
Highlights
Kidney is a susceptible organ to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated cellular injuries, because of polyunsaturated fatty acids abundance in its cellular compositions
This review will begin with an introduction from basic molecular mechanisms of radicals and pro-oxidants metabolism, with a brief description of oxidative stress phenomenon and with a definition of antioxidant defense systems of living systems
Journals (DOAJ), Google Scholar, and Web of Science were searched with key words as; oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, renal injury, diabetes mellitus, reactive oxygen species, kidney disease and plant antioxidants
Summary
Kidney is a susceptible organ to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated cellular injuries, because of polyunsaturated fatty acids abundance in its cellular compositions. ROS may induce the pathological mechanisms which cause glomerulosclerosis, tubulointerstitial fibrosis, tubular cells apoptosis and senescence, and deactivated cellular regenerative pathways [1], which result to disturb glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Glomerulonephritis, vasculopathies and diabetic nephropathy may promote oxidative conditions, increase susceptibility of acute renal failure [2]. This review will begin with an introduction from basic molecular mechanisms of radicals and pro-oxidants metabolism, with a brief description of oxidative stress phenomenon and with a definition of antioxidant defense systems of living systems. This review will briefly discuss impacts of several medicinal plants on preventing and improving of oxidative stress induced renal injury
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