Abstract
Abstract Biochemical studies have documented a role for oxidative stress in complications of diabetes. Our previous cytochemical and immunocytochemical studies demonstrated increased levels of NADH oxidase in retinal endothelial cells and pericytes of the BBZ/Wor diabetic rat which coincided with disruption of the blood retinal barrier. Lipid peroxidation and damage to outer segments was demonstrated in retinas of a streptozotocin-induced rat model of diabetes. Xanthine oxidase has been proposed as a source of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in oxidative stress mediated complications of diabetes; however, there are no studies which confirm the role and cellular sites of xanthine oxidase in complications of diabetes. In addition, cellular sites of lipid peroxides have not been documented in diabetic retinopathy. Xanthine oxidase was localized in retinas of BBZ/Wor diabetic rat by cerium based histochemistry using hypoxanthine and NADH as substrates.
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