Abstract
Advances in technology enable improved reservoir characterization as well as improved measurement and allocation of relevant production and other data. The continuous advance in reservoir monitoring improves efforts in finding unrecovered hydrocarbons in fields with long production histories. However, as one of the featured papers shows, even in such fields, considerable production-forecasting uncertainties exist. Thanks to ever-increasing computing power, the uncertainties in production forecasting in these cases can be quantified and, thereby, managed. Various methods for assisted history matching have been used successfully to perform this task. Time-lapse (4D) seismic has proved very successful in reducing uncertainties and finding remaining hydrocarbons. The technology is still developing at a fast pace. The application of 4D seismic has expanded from offshore to onshore heavy-oil developments. Because this technology is one of the few sources of surveillance information away from the well, new ideas are evolving of how to advance the methodology further. Another featured paper shows how geomechanical data were incorporated with the 4D seismic analysis, which might open another field for application of this method. Geomechanical effects are important in various aspects of hydrocarbon recovery. They can be used in combination with 4D seismic, as mentioned above, and they are very important in water-injection and thermal-recovery processes. The third featured paper provides insight into coupling geomechanical effects and fluid flow. Reservoir Performance and Monitoring additional reading available at the SPE eLibrary: www.spe.org SPE 95419 "Production Monitoring Through Openhole Gravel-Pack Completions Using Permanently Installed Fiber-Optic Distributed-Temperature Systems in the BP-Operated Azeri Field in Azerbaijan" by G. Brown, SPE, Schlumberger, et al. SPE 96897 "Mapping Fluid Flow in a Reservoir Using Tiltmeter-Based Surface-Deformation Measurements" by J. Du, SPE, Pinnacle Technologies Inc., et al. Available at the OTC Library: www.otcnet.org OTC 18222 "Constraining Reservoir Uncertainty With Frequent 4D-Seismic Data at Valhall Field" by H.S. Lane, SPE, BP plc, et al.
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