Abstract
The principal objective behind the writing of this article on the floating drug delivery system (FDDS) was to systematize the recent literature with the core process of floatation in acquiring gastric retention. The different strategies used in the development of FDDS by constructing the effervescent and noneffervescent type of floating tablets basis of which is buoyancy mechanism. FDDS is a method to deliver the drugs that are active locally with a narrow absorption window in the upper gastrointestinal tract, unstable in the lower intestinal environment, and possess low solubility with higher pH values. The novel methodologies in FDDS include approaches to design a single unit and multiple-unit floating systems, the physiological and formulation variability affecting gastric retention along with the use of recently invented and developed polymers. This review also focuses on various in vitro techniques and in vivo studies in view of performance and application of floating systems. Floating dosage forms can be delivered in conventional forms like tablets, capsules with the addition of suitable ingredients along with the gas generating agent. This review also throws light on different techniques used in developing floating dosage forms along with current and novel advancements.
Highlights
Floating drug delivery systems (FDDS) are invented to retain the drug in the stomach and applicable for drugs with poor solubility and low stability in intestinal fluids
Drugs which are prepared in the floating drug delivery system and their types of dosage forms are given in the table 3
Drug absorption in the gastrointestinal tract is a highly variable procedure and prolonging gastric retention of the dosage form that leads to extend the time for drug absorption
Summary
Floating drug delivery systems (FDDS) are invented to retain the drug in the stomach and applicable for drugs with poor solubility and low stability in intestinal fluids. For sustained drug delivery to the stomach and proximal small intestine in treating certain ulcerative conditions, prolong gastric retention of the therapeutic moiety and offer numerous advantages including improved bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy with reduction of dosing frequency [2]. Administration of prolonged release floating dosage forms, tablet or capsules, causes dissolution of the drug in the gastric fluid They dissolve in the gastric fluid before getting absorbed in the small intestine with emptying stomach contents. When there would be vigorous intestinal movement with short transit time, it might result in a certain type of diarrhea poor absorption is expected Under such conditions, it is advantageous to maintain the drug in floating condition in the stomach for better efficacy. In case of Parkinson patient, FDDS is effective in absorption of the drug over a period of 6-8 h and maintained substantial plasma concentration
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