Abstract
Arc-heated facilties play an important role in ground tests, such as appraisal of thermal protection systems(TPS) of various hypersonic vehicles and simulation of a high Mach scramjet's thermal structure and combustion chamber performance. This paper analyzes the requirements for developing a high power arc heater. Key technologies for developing it include high power, high voltage, high enthalpy and electrode erosion in high currents. Finally, the paper proposes the related ideas and methods for these key technologies, providing theoretical references for China's development of a super-high power arc heater.
Highlights
为解决大电流烧损问题,发展了多电极电流分 流技术。 70 MW 量级的片式电弧加热器无一例外 采用了多电极形式分担大电流,如 AEDC 采用 6 对 12 个电极,NASA Ames 片式电弧加热器采用了8 对 16 个电极,意大利 CIRA Scirocco 采用 9 对 18 个电 极实现电流分流,设计总电流达到了 9 000 A[20] ,也 是当前世界上片式电弧加热器的最大设计电流。 即 使利用有限空间设计更多的薄电极分担更大的电 流,但是电极数量也有一个限制,如果进一步增加电 极的数量将给电极布局、电流分流、运行稳定性等带 来不利影响。 虽然多电极分流技术有效地减少了电 极烧蚀,但是该技术目前只适用于较低的驻室压力, 当驻室压力增加,电弧弧阻增加,电弧不稳定容易导 致串弧,使电流分流失效。
Operating characteristics of a multi⁃megawatt arc heater used with the air force flight dynamics labo⁃ ratory 50⁃megawatt facility[ R]
[23] MACDERMOTT W, FELDERMAN E, et al Arc heater scaling parameters predicted with the swirlarc code[ C] ∥28th AIAA
Summary
为解决大电流烧损问题,发展了多电极电流分 流技术。 70 MW 量级的片式电弧加热器无一例外 采用了多电极形式分担大电流,如 AEDC 采用 6 对 12 个电极,NASA Ames 片式电弧加热器采用了8 对 16 个电极,意大利 CIRA Scirocco 采用 9 对 18 个电 极实现电流分流,设计总电流达到了 9 000 A[20] ,也 是当前世界上片式电弧加热器的最大设计电流。 即 使利用有限空间设计更多的薄电极分担更大的电 流,但是电极数量也有一个限制,如果进一步增加电 极的数量将给电极布局、电流分流、运行稳定性等带 来不利影响。 虽然多电极分流技术有效地减少了电 极烧蚀,但是该技术目前只适用于较低的驻室压力, 当驻室压力增加,电弧弧阻增加,电弧不稳定容易导 致串弧,使电流分流失效。 Aerothermal testing of space and missile materials in the Arnold engineering development center arc jet facilities[ C] ∥AIAA Aerodynamic Measurement Technology & Ground Testing Conference, 2013 Potential for mach 8 to 12 air⁃breathing engine testing in an arc⁃heated facility[ C] ∥AIAA / ASME / SAE / ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference & Exhibit, 2013
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