Outcomes of Endoscopic Ultrasound-guided Gastroenterostomy Using Lumen-apposing Metal Stent in the Treatment of Malignant and Benign Gastric Outlet Obstruction: A Case Series

Abstract

Objective: To study the outcomes of endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy (EUS-GE) using lumenapposing metal stent (LAMS) in patients with benign and malignant gastric outlet obstruction (GOO). Materials and Methods: This single-center study retrospectively reviewed the medical records of benign and malignant GOO patients who underwent EUS-GE between May 2019 and September 2023. We evaluated the technical success, adverse events related to the techniques used, clinical success, and recurrence and reintervention rates. Results: A total of twelve patients who underwent three different EUS-GE techniques were included in this study. The first method was the direct over-the-guidewire technique, the second was the wireless-freehand method, and the third was modified endoscopic ultrasound-guided double-balloon occluded gastroenterostomy bypass (M-EPASS). All 3 techniques used preloaded oroenteral catheters in combination. Technical success was achieved in 83.3% (10/12) of patients, and there were 16.6% (2/12) failures due to misdeployment. One (8.3%) severe adverse event occurred resulting in peritonitis during the direct over-the-guidewire method. The second failure, which ensued after use of the wireless-freehand technique, achieved successful stent deployment at the second attempt without any complications. Clinical success was 100% (11/11), and mean follow up was 6.2 months. There was one (9.1 %) incidence of recurrence at 12-month follow up. Conclusion: EUS-GE is effective in the management of GOO, and the wireless-freehand and M-EPASS techniques in combination with oroenteral catheters should be the technique of choice in term of safety and efficacy.