Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to quantify through immunohistochemistry the expression of bone formation marker osteocalcin during the repair process of autogenous onlay bone graft, associated or not to the resorbable collagen membrane and to compare these findings with the presence of Diabetes Mellitus. Material and Methods: Sixty rats (Rattus norvegicus, albinus variation, Wistar) aged 90 days, were divided into two groups with 30 animals: test group – rats with induced diabetes; control group - normoglycemic rats. All rats received grafts on the left and right hemi-mandible with or without collagen membrane coverage, respectively. The animals were euthanized at the following periods: 0h, 7, 14, 21, 45, and 60 days. Immunohistochemistry analysis was performed by the marker osteocalcin at receptor site-graft interface. To analyze osteocalcin immunohistochemical expression, a panoramic view photograph of the graft was taken followed by two photographs at larger magnification. Results: No statistically significances at 5% level were observed between diabetic and control group with and without membrane; and diabetic and control groups with membrane coverage. Conclusion: Within the limits of this present study, it can be concluded that the osteocalcin marker might be influenced by diabetes so that it was late expressed during this condition. However, the association of the graft with the membrane could improve this delay by reaching expression values similar to those of control group.
Highlights
The increasing in life expectancy is followed by the increasing in advanced age-related diseases, such as hypertension, osteoporosis and diabetes
In the blocks without membrane coverage, the osteocalcin expression pattern was more delayed in the group of diabetic rats than normoglycemic rats (Figure 6)
The presence of the membrane covering the bone graft might compensate the negative effects of diabetes in osteocalcin expression
Summary
The increasing in life expectancy is followed by the increasing in advanced age-related diseases, such as hypertension, osteoporosis and diabetes. Associated with the population aging, a greater demand to esthetic and functional reconstructive procedures, such as osseointegrated implants, has been observed. One of the requirements for osseointegrated implant success is that the receptor site has enough bone amounts, which is not always possible. In these situations, the dentist might employ techniques aiming at increasing the bone tissue. Autogenous bone graft is considered very effective [1], because of the osteogenic properties and lack of large rejection risks [2]. Guided Bone Regeneration technique has been associated to autogenous bone grafts, with great results, as demonstrated by many studies [3,4]
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