Abstract
ABSTRACTThis study discusses the role of orthodontic treatment as an adjunct to the control and treatment of periodontal disease conditions, and describes a clinical case of severe anterior mandibular crowding and periodontal disease followed up for nine years and three months after orthodontic treatment completion. Malocclusion impaired proper dental hygiene, which led to bone loss and development of a periodontal abscess between mandibular canines and lateral incisors. After scaling and root planing, orthodontic treatment was initiated with extraction of the four second premolars, to correct the deficiency detected in cephalometric and model analysis. Treatment objectives were met, and facial and dental esthetics was satisfactory. Adequate periodontal management, hygiene control and tooth movement ensured ideal occlusion and facilitated the control of biofilm.
Highlights
Orthodontic treatments are based on tooth movement, which is possible because of the periodontal ligament, which unites tooth roots to the alveolar bone
A change in the balance between the biofilm and the host may lead to periodontitis, an intensification of the disease that is associated with bone loss.[4]
Orthodontic treatment is an important adjunct in the treatment and control of periodontal disease, as it promotes the correct management of the periodontium and facilitates oral hygiene and biofilm control
Summary
Orthodontic treatments are based on tooth movement, which is possible because of the periodontal ligament, which unites tooth roots to the alveolar bone. The forces applied to a tooth produce stresses on the periodontal ligament, with areas of traction or stretching that induce bone formation; and areas of compression that promote bone resorption and, tooth movement.[1] In this process, a healthy periodontium is essential to avoid any compromise to toothsupporting tissues.[2]. The primary etiological factor of the development of periodontal diseases is the pathogenic microflora on dental biofilm, in close contact with gingival margins.[3,4] Gingivitis is a moderate form of periodontal disease, not associated with periodontal attachment loss. The balance between this microflora and the host’s immune response is fundamental to control periodontal disease, and the main objective of periodontal treatment is biofilm disruption and removal.[5]
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