ORGANIZATION OF INDEPENDENT GRAPHIC TRAINING OF STUDENTS IN CRISIS CONDITIONS

Abstract

Higher education of Ukraine as a system is in a state of constant development and transformation. The directions of its strategic development are focused on joining the European Education Area, modern information technologies and priorities of human needs in modern society. However, since 2022, Ukrainian higher education has faced significant challenges. The pandemic and Russian aggression created special difficulties in the formation of modern higher education in our country. During Covid, the main problem of studying at universities was related to ensuring quality distance learning and controlling learning. The war with russia has caused even greater destruction of the professional training system. It has led to the suspension of universities in the temporarily occupied regions of our country and the forced relocation of students and teachers. Air alarms cause disorganization of the educational process. According to experts' estimates, the amount of damage to the Ukrainian educational infrastructure as of the beginning of 2023 is almost 8.2 billion US dollars.In crisis conditions, it is important to ensure quality training of engineers for our country. Graphic training plays an important role in the professional activity of an engineer. Graphic activity has certain features that are related to the complexity of operating spatial images. Forced distance learning changes the types of communication between the teacher and the student. Taking into account the state of training of specialists in the crisis conditions in which the higher education of Ukraine found itself, the use of the potential of self-education activities during the graphic training of students is gaining relevance. Self-education has always been considered one of the most important components of the formation of a future specialist, which has deep roots and a historical path of development. However, modern technologies substantially change instruments and strategies of her use in educational activity of students. Internet networks, social communities, and university educational environments provide free access to endless amounts of information. The controlled from distance studies, at certain terms, create possibilities to the receipt of the quality, logically organized system of knowledge, that gives an opportunity to support contacts between students, take part in general projects, to carry out researches.The purpose of the research is the theoretical and practical principles of substantiation and introduction into the educational process of the model of self-educational graphic activity of students in crisis conditions and pedagogical conditions of its implementation. The research methodology is based on basic research in the philosophy, pedagogy and psychology of professional education. Theoretical methods: analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization of scientific research information to clarify the nature and role of students' self-education in the crisis, the degree of development of the problem; empirical methods: conversation, interviews, questionnaires, surveys to find out the peculiarities of students' independent work, testing to check the effectiveness of the proposed methodology. Conclusions. Graphic training is an important component of the professional training of future engineers, which has a special specificity (high level of abstraction of graphic information, the need to perform mental spatial operations of graphic information). To ensure the effective organization of independent graphic training, we distinguish three pedagogical conditions: the creation of an integrated information learning environment with systematic updating of educational content; the introduction of methods for forming students' readiness for self-educational graphic activities; systematic involvement of students in scientific activities. Practical implications. The introduction of pedagogical ones ensures effective organization of independent training of students and contributes to the formation of professional competence of the future engineer. The value/originality of the research lies in the use of a complex approach to solving the problem of independent graphic activity of students in crisis conditions.