Abstract
The use of agrochemicals and pesticides is very much common in Chitwan District of Nepal, but group conversion to organic farming also exists. Group formation has led to higher adoption rate of organic farming, although a closer scrutiny shows that being a member of such group does not guarantee that all farmers will undeniably practice organic farming over the years. This chapter analyzes differences in households practicing organic and conventional farming in terms of their socioeconomic background and the functioning of the group itself that has led some farmers to divert their practice back to conventional farming. While group formation plays a crucial role in commencing organic farming, it comes with numerous challenges of unequal distribution of assistances, unequal participation in different group activities, less saving interest rate, and unequal advantage of premium market. Among others, establishing link within untapped local organic market can be one way to revitalize organic farming in the study area.
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