Abstract
This study aimed to diagnose orf virus ORFV from infected goats in Al-Qadisiyah Governorate of Iraq, using polymerase chain reaction and construction of phylogenetic tree. Clinical examination was made on 400 goats in different herds and crusty scabs were collected from forty infected goats. All scabs were subjected to (PCR), sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis involving the presence of GIF gene GM-CSF* inhibitor factor, a characteristic gene of the ORFV. The typical proliferative skin lesion with overall orf prevalence results by PCR was 10% with low mortality rates and high significance variation with age and gender. Two positive PCR amplicons were sent for partial-gene-based sequencing and Phylogenetic analysis. Multiple alignments of sequences presented close identities with two Iraqi global isolates of the virus. This study didn't only report novel sequences from the local orf virus isolates, but it also provides important data about transmission of local sheep orf virus into local goat during closely rearing and grazing and orf outbreak in small ruminant in Iraq might be suspected.
Highlights
ORF’ is recognized as sore and scabby mouth disease, contagious ecthyma, and contagious pustular dermatitis, considered one of the most important viral skin diseases in goat farms
All scabs were subjected to (PCR), sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis involving the presence of GIF gene Granulocyte-Macrophage ColonyStimulating Factor (GM-CSF) inhibitor factor, a characteristic gene of the ORFV
Forty goats had suspected with clinical orf include crusty external skin lesions on the muzzle, nostrils and lips, goats were dull and depressed, they were 28 kids (18 females and 10 males) and 12 adults (8 females and 4 males), they reported after examination of three separated private goat flocks
Summary
ORF’ is recognized as sore and scabby mouth disease, contagious ecthyma, and contagious pustular dermatitis, considered one of the most important viral skin diseases in goat farms. It mainly affects sheep, goat and some other housetrained and wild ruminants, causing economic loss in the livestock construction. The scabs are often friable and minor trauma makes the lesions bleed . These lesions are ordinarily started on muzzle, lips, oral mucosa, ears and round the nostrils. Polymerase chain reaction is a consistent method for the diagnosis and can distinguish
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