Abstract
BackgroundOral neural tumors (ONTs) are rare lesions and represent reactive or neoplastic proliferations of nerve sheath cells. The purpose of the present study is to report the clinical, demographic and histopathologic features of 157 ONTs diagnosed in a single Oral Pathology Department and review the pertinent literature.Material and Methods157 cases of ONTs diagnosed during a 44-year period were retrospectively collected and the diagnosis was reconfirmed by studying representative haematoxylin and eosin stained tissue sections. The patients’ gender and age, as well as the main clinical features of the lesions, were retrieved from the biopsy submission forms.ResultsThe 157 ONTs represented approximately 0.4% of 35,590 biopsies accessioned during the study period. They affected 71 male and 86 female patients with a mean age of 38.4±18.8 years. They mainly appeared as asymptomatic nodules of normal or white colour on the tongue, lip mucosa and hard palate. The most common ONT was granular cell tumour (38.9%) followed by neurofibroma (19.7%), schwannoma (15.9%), traumatic neuroma (15.9%), palisaded encapsulated neuroma (8.3%) and nerve sheath myxoma (1.3%).ConclusionsThis study confirmed the rarity of ONTs. Their clinical characteristics mimic other oral lesions; thus, microscopic examination is the only mean to arrive at a definitive diagnosis. Key words:Oral neural tumors; oral neural neoplasms; neurofibroma; oral neurofibroma; schwannoma; oral schwannoma; neurilemmoma; oral neurilemmoma; granular cell tumor; oral granular cell tumor; traumatic neuroma; oral traumatic neuroma; palisaded encapsulated neuroma; oral palisaded encapsulated neuroma.
Highlights
Oral neural tumors (ONTs) may be either neoplastic or reactive in origin (1) and they arise from distinguishable compartments of peripheral nerves, which are the axons, endoneurium, perineurium and epineurium (2,3)
Vered et al (18), showed that oral granular cell tumor (GCT) express a variety of immunohistochemical markers besides S-100 suggesting that they do not derive from a particular cell type
Amongst ONTs, GCT, SCH and traumatic neuroma (TN) had the lowest male to female ratio whereas NF the highest
Summary
Oral neural tumors (ONTs) may be either neoplastic or reactive in origin (1) and they arise from distinguishable compartments of peripheral nerves, which are the axons, endoneurium, perineurium and epineurium (2,3). In patients younger than 16 years old, benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors comprised 0.7% and malignant neural tumors 0.02% of 4406 specimens of oral and maxillofacial pathology specimens submitted for histopathologic examination during a 30-year period (7). Oral neural tumors (ONTs) are rare lesions and represent reactive or neoplastic proliferations of nerve sheath cells. The purpose of the present study is to report the clinical, demographic and histopathologic features of 157 ONTs diagnosed in a single Oral Pathology Department and review the pertinent literature. Results: The 157 ONTs represented approximately 0.4% of 35,590 biopsies accessioned during the study period They affected 71 male and 86 female patients with a mean age of 38.4±18.8 years. The most common ONT was granular cell tumour (38.9%) followed by neurofibroma (19.7%), schwannoma (15.9%), traumatic neuroma (15.9%), palisaded encapsulated neuroma (8.3%) and nerve sheath myxoma (1.3%). Their clinical characteristics mimic other oral lesions; microscopic examination is the only mean to arrive at a definitive diagnosis
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