Oral Focal Mucinosis of the Edentulous Area of the Maxilla: A Rare Case Report

Oral focal mucinosis (OFM) is a rare benign condition of unknown etiology, considered the oral counterpart of cutaneous focal mucinosis. We report the clinicopathologic features of 21 cases of OFM in conjunction with a review of the literature. Clinical data were collected from the records of five oral and maxillofacial pathology services. All cases were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining, histochemistry, and immunohistochemistry (vimentin, S-100, α-SMA, CD34, and mast cell). The series comprised 14 females (66.7%) and seven males (33.3%), with a mean age of 48.2 ± 20.7 years (range: 8-77 years) and a 2:1 female-to-male ratio. Most of the lesions affected the gingiva (n = 6, 28.6%) and presented clinically as asymptomatic sessile or pedunculated nodules with fibrous or hyperplasic appearance. All cases were negative for S-100 protein, CD34, and α-SMA and positive for Alcian blue staining. Conservative surgical excision was the treatment in all cases, and there was only one recurrence. OFM is a rare benign disorder that is often clinically misdiagnosed as reactive lesions or benign proliferative processes. Dermatologists and pathologists should consider OFM in the differential diagnosis of soft tissue lesions in the oral cavity, mainly located in the gingiva.

Oral focal mucinosis of the tongue: A rare clinical entity?

Oral focal mucinosis: report of 15 cases and review of the literature

Unusual Clinical Presentations of Oral Focal Mucinosis: Two Case Reports

GINGIVAL FOCAL MUCINOSIS: A CASE REPORT AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS

Introduction: Oral focal mucinosis (OFM) is an uncommon soft tissue lesion of unknown etiology. It is presented as a harmless swelling that can be sessile or pedunculated. Histologically, OFM is characterized by focal myxoid degeneration of the connective tissue. The diagnosis of the lesion is established based on the histopathological analysis. OFM is treated with surgical excision and its recurrence is unreported. Case Presentation: In the present case report, a 53-year-old female presented with a lesion on the gingiva around the dental area of 44 and 45 that was clinically similar to irritation fibroma. An excisional biopsy was performed and the diagnosis was OFM based on the clinical and pathological findings. Conclusions: This case report emphasizes that it is nearly impossible to predict the detection of OFM. Therefore, although OFM is a rare lesion, it should be distinguished from other similar soft tissue lesions in the oral cavity.

Oral focal mucinosis (OFM) is a rare connective tissue disorder that is characterized by the excessive production of hyaluronic acid due to myxoid degeneration of submucosal connective tissue. The disorder typically presents as an asymptomatic nodule or mass in the gingiva or hard palate, and OFM of the tongue is even more unusual. In this report, we present a case of OFM on the tongue in a 72-year-old female patient who presented with a symptomatic lump that had been growing for 6 months on the dorsum of her tongue. The patient reported discomfort and pain while speaking and swallowing, and the lump was visually apparent on examination. OFM is a benign condition that does not have any specific clinical or radiographical features that distinguish it from other more common oral lesions, such as lipoma or fibroma. Therefore, histopathological examination is essential for a definitive diagnosis. The management of OFM typically involves surgical excision of the lesion. In this case, complete surgical removal of the lesion under general anesthesia was performed, and the patient was followed up for 10 months postoperatively. During the follow-up period, there was no evidence of recurrence, and the patient reported significant improvement in her symptoms. In conclusion, OFM is a rare connective tissue disorder that can occur in the oral cavity. Although OFM of the tongue is even rarer, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of oral lesions. Histopathological examination is essential for definitive diagnosis, and surgical excision is typically the preferred treatment modality.

Purpose: Oral focal mucinosis (OFM), an oral counterpart of cutaneous focal mucinosis, is a rare disease of unknown etiology. Its pathogenesis may be due to overproduction of hyaluronic acid by fibroblast at the expense of collagen production, resulting in focal myxoid degeneration of connective tissue primarily affecting the mucosa overlying bone. It has no distinctive clinical features, since the diagnosis is solely based on histopathological features. This paper reports two cases and discusses clinicopathological, immunohistochemical features and differential diagnosis of myxomatous lesions of the oral cavity. Case description: The two cases of OFM lesions were present in a 50 year-old patient on the hard palate and in a 26 year-old female patient in the mandible, which seem to be the first report in the Indian population. Conclusion: The histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of Vimentin and S-100 protein may play a vital role in the correct diagnosis of OFM.

Background/Objectives: Oral focal mucinosis (OFM) and solitary cutaneous focal mucinosis (SCFM) are rare, benign lesions characterized by localized mucin deposition in the stromal connective tissue. While both share similar histological features, they occur in distinct anatomical sites and clinical contexts and have not been directly compared in the literature. Method: This study presents a case series of 39 OFM cases diagnosed over 25 years, supplemented by a literature review of previously reported OFM cases, and compares the combined data with published cases of SCFM. The literature-based analysis included 116 OFM cases published in four articles and 138 cases of SCFM published in five articles. Demographic and clinical data were extracted and analyzed, including age, sex, lesion location, size, duration, symptoms, clinical impression, treatment, and recurrence. Results: The mean age of OFM patients was 41 years, with a slight female predominance, most commonly affecting the gingiva. SCFM cases were more common in males, with a higher mean age of 52 years and frequent occurrence on the extremities and trunk. Both lesions were predominantly asymptomatic and managed by conservative excision. Due to its rare occurrence and nonspecific clinical presentation, both entities were frequently clinically misdiagnosed. Conclusions: In conclusion, this is the first study to directly compare OFM with SCFM and represents the largest series of OFM reported to date. The study provides new comparative insights into SCFM and OFM, highlighting differences in age, gender, lesion site, size, and symptomatology. SCFM predominantly affects older males on the extremities, whereas OFM occurs in younger females, mainly in the gingiva, with larger, sometimes symptomatic lesions, and with a very low recurrence rate.

Background: Oral focal mucinosis (OFM) is a rare disease of unknown etiology, in which the connective tissue undergoes a focal myxoid degeneration. It was first described in 1974 by Tomich. Its pathogenesis is related to overproduction of hyaluronic acid by fibroblasts during the collagen production, resulting in focal myxoid degeneration. It has no distinctive features and diagnosis depends on histological analysis. Case: This paper reports a case of a 30 years old female treated at the Ambulatory of Stomatology of the Clinical Hospital - CH/UNICAMP, with a lesion growth and progressive pain in the palate, after performing dental treatment and discusses the clinical characteristics and differential diagnosis of myxomatous lesions of the oral cavity. Discussion: Since oral focal mucinosis has no distinguishing clinical features and the diagnostic is based on a histopathological examination, we ratify the importance of this procedure to confirm the diagnosis. This article is based on literature review and reports a case of oral focal mucinosis, its clinical and surgical outcome and demonstrates the importance of biopsy and pathological examinations in differential diagnosis of nodular masses in the oral cavity. Keywords: Focal mucinosis, polyp of the oral cavity, oral tumor, stomatology, oral lesions. Read more →

Case Report and Literature Review of a Rare Oral Lesion: Oral Focal Mucinosis

Oral focal mucinosis (OFM) is a rare soft tissue lesion of unknown etiology. Clinically, it is most commonly found on the gingiva and presents as a painless, sessile or pedunculated mass of the same colour as the surrounding mucosa. Histologically, it is characterized by focal myxoid degeneration of connective tissue. OFM occurs predominantly in adults during the fourth and fifth decade of life, although it has been reported infrequently in children and adolescents. Its diagnosis mainly relies on histological analysis and the treatment involves complete surgical excision. Its recurrence is unreported. The aim of this report of two cases is to describe the clinical and histological presentation and subsequent management of OFM. The cause of OFM remains unknown. The cases presented in this report bring OFM to the attention of anatomical pathologists while considering the differential diagnosis of myxoid lesions of the oral cavity.

Oral focal mucinosis (OFM) is a rare connective tissue disorder characterized by myxoid degeneration of submucosal connective tissue. It usually presents as gingival or mucosal overgrowth. Due to its uncommon occurrence and lack of pathognomonic clinical or radiological features, diagnosis mainly relies on histopathological evaluation. The paper reports a rare case of large OFM in a 58-year-old female patient involving the posterior maxilla and hard palate. Diagnosis of the lesion was established based on histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis. The lesion was excised surgically and showed no recurrence at 1 year follow-up. The cases presented intend to bring OFM to the attention of oral pathologists and clinicians while considering the differential diagnosis of myxoid lesions of oral cavity.

Oral focal mucinosis (OFM) is an uncommon benign oral lesion. The aetiology of the lesion is unknown. Histologically, it appears as a well-circumscribed myxomatous mass surrounded by denser, collagenous connective tissue. Most cases of OFM were found in adults. It is very unusual for young children to have OFM. A case of OFM in a 2-year-old child is reported. The patient was presented with non-painful bilateral enlargements on the palate. The overlying mucosa was smooth and not ulcerated and appeared in the same colour as the adjacent tissue. The histology of the lesion showed myxomatous mass indicative of OFM. Treatment consisted of surgically removing the lesions under general anaesthetic. Paediatric dentists should consider OFM in their differential diagnosis of soft tissue oral lesions in children.

Oral focal mucinosis: A systematic review