Abstract

Using Hay's anisotropic, diffuse-sky insolation model, we derive a theoretical equation which can be used to estimate the optimum slopes of tilted, south-facing surfaces for the entire year in the northern hemisphere. The equation yields implicit results and it is difficult to obtain optimum slopes. Major factors affecting optimum slopes are the latitude F and the direct-to-global insolation ratio K dir . With data on solar radiation for 30 of China's major cities, a general correlation is developed by using the linear regression technique. The result is valid anywhere in China for the entire year and is accurate (with a correlation coefficient r = 0.901 and a residual standard error s = 1.07) and convenient to use in practice.

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