Optimizing wastewater treatment: artificial intelligence-based prediction and green synthesis of iron nanoparticles for efficient dye removal

The nanomaterials especially be made of iron, are tapering off the environmental pollution in a sufficiently great way which is worthy for attention. Green synthesis of iron nanoparticles through the extraction of the natural products or wastes has been developed in a way that is more sustainable than the chemical routes associated with several limitations. The mulberry leaves, which are easy available in nature, were chosen for plant-mediated green synthesis of zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI). The characterization of the synthesized nanoparticles was performed with the used of dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The polyphenols content of the mulberry leaf can be used to synthesize the iron nanoparticles. The iron nanoparticles can be used as the Fenton-like catalyst to enhance the efficiency of dyes degradation. Meanwhile, the iron nanoparticles can be removed by its magnetic properties after the degradation of pollutants which can be reused in subsequent environmental remediation. The efficiency of dyes degradation by the synthesized iron nanoparticles, was investigated by UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis). The cationic and anionic model dyes were used to investigate the ability of the synthesized iron nanoparticles in degradation of dye molecules. Methylene Blue was used as the model for cationic dye whereas Methyl Orange was chosen as anionic model dye. The percentage removal of respective dyes was investigated at the different period of time. The work investigated the magnetic and catalytic bi-functionalities of the synthesized iron nanoparticles. Â

Introduction: Synthesis of metallic nanoparticles using plant extract is inexpensive, easily scaled up, and eco-friendly and their technique has wide open applications in various sectors such as medicine, health, and environment due to its mechanism of action for the betterment of human. The aforesaid challenges and principles of nanoparticles have advanced in the green synthesis utilizing the phytoconstituents to reduce and stabilize the metallic nanoparticles. Materials and Methods: In the investigation, green synthesis of iron nanoparticles from Bauhinia tomentosa was characterized under ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometer, Fourier transform infrared at various concentrations and durations. The characterized iron nanoparticles were analyzed for reducing assay and hydrogen peroxide assay to prove their antioxidant properties and antibacterial properties. Results and Discussion: When the plant extract was added to ferric chloride solution Fe3+ reduced to Fe0 which was indicated by the color change from green into blackish green proved the formation of iron nanomaterials (due to surface Plasmon resonance singularity). The synthesized iron nanomaterials were characterized by different parameters such as proportions (extract: Ferric chloride) and development study at different durations which are identified as factors affecting the yields of nanoparticles and later the nanoparticles were characterized. The reducing power of the iron nanoparticles synthesized from B. tomentosa was investigated by comparing with the reductive ability of ascorbic acid. Reducing power assay has proved to be one of the convenient and rapid screening method for measuring the antioxidant potential. Conclusion: In the present investigation, the plant bioactive constituents of B. tomentosa proved to be highly efficient as reducing agents, antibacterial agent which on further clinical investigation will prove to have high therapeutic value in the medical field.

This data article reports contents of the information derived from an efficient, environmentally friendly, and low-cost method of synthesis and recovery of iron nanoparticles using Galinsoga parviflora, Conyza bonariensis and Bidens pilosa aqueous leaf extracts as reducing, stabilizing, and capping agents, and applications of the nanoparticles in degradation of organic dyes and antibiotics. Various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques were used to collect the data. Data is displayed in the form of .raw files, graphs, images, Microsoft Excel sheets, .data point files, and PDF files, along with other formats. Data analysis and interpretation methods have also been presented. Researchers, research students, academicians, and industrialists can benefit greatly from the data in order to gain knowledge about the green synthesis of iron nanoparticles and related applications such as degradation organic pollutants. The data is deposited in the mendeley data repository as two independent datasets at https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/rxkv6j7hrx.

Green synthesis of iron nanoparticles: Sources and multifarious biotechnological applications

Green synthesis of iron nanoparticles using different leaf extracts for treatment of domestic waste water

The present study focuses on the green synthesis of iron nanoparticles using plant extracts as reducing, capping, and stabilizing agents. Aqueous seaweed extracts with the addition of iron solution were mixed using a magnetic stirrer which resulted in a color change indicating the formation of iron nanoparticles. The iron nanoparticles were successfully synthesized using Sargassum wightii extract. The synthesized iron nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and zeta potential techniques. The UV-Vis spectra showed a peak at 412 to 415nm. Zeta potential revealed that the synthesized iron nanoparticles were negative and positive charges. FTIR spectroscopy analysis showed the presence of chemical bond and amide group likely to be responsible for the green synthesis of iron nanoparticles. The effect of nano-iron as a dietary iron source on the growth and serum biochemical profile of Etroplus suratensis fingerlings was evaluated. Iron nanoparticles were fed to E. suratensis fingerlings for 60days with two levels 10mg (T1) and 20mg (T2) and a control group without iron nanoparticles. The highest WG% and SGR and lowest FCR were observed in the T2 group which is significantly different (p < 0.05) from other groups. The serum biochemical profile showed significantly increased activity on 20mg/kg of nano-iron-supplemented diet. The findings of the present study concluded that supplementation of nano-iron at the 20mg/kg level to the regular fish diet has a better impact not only on growth but also on the overall health of the fish.

Green synthesis of iron nanoparticles for malachite green removal

The interest in synthesizing Nanoparticles in an easy and environmental friendly way has been increasing in the recent years. Physical and Chemical methods are conventionally used for synthesis of Nanoparticles, however due to limitations of these methods, the focus of research has been recently shifted towards the development of clean and eco-friendly synthesis protocols. The green synthesis of Iron Nanoparticles has been achieved using environmental acceptable plant extract. It was observed that Camellia sinensis leaf extract can reduce Iron ions into Iron Nanoparticles at room temperature. The aim of this study is to synthesize Iron Nanoparticles using Camellia sinensis extract in an environmental and sustainable way. The synthesized Iron Nanoparticles were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis. This study shows that the Iron Nanoparticles can be synthesized using Camellia sinensis leaf extract as a reducing agent.

Green synthesis and environmental application of iron-based nanomaterials and nanocomposite: A review

Green synthesis of iron nanoparticles using Artocarpus heterophyllus peel extract and their application as a heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst for the degradation of Fuchsin Basic dye

Green synthesis of iron nanoparticle from extract of waste tea: An application for phenol red removal from aqueous solution

This study explores the valorization of tea leaf waste by extracting polyphenols through reflux extraction, subsequently using them to synthesize zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI). The in situ generated nanoparticles, when combined with fixed amounts of hydrogen peroxide, facilitated the removal of various dyes (methylene blue, methyl orange, and orange G) via a hetero-catalytic Fenton process. The iron nanoparticles were thoroughly characterized by gas adsorption of N2 at 77 K, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), FT-IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermal analysis, including thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and temperature-programmed reduction (TPR). A statistical design of experiments and response surface methodology were employed to analyze the influence of polyphenol, Fe(III), and H2O2 concentrations on dye removal efficiency. The results demonstrated that optimizing the operational conditions could achieve 100% dye removal efficiency. This study highlights the potential of nZVI synthesized through eco-friendly methods as a promising solution for water decontamination involving diverse model dyes, thus contributing to sustainable waste management and environmental protection.

Mycogenic synthesis of iron nanoparticles using thermophilic mould Myceliophthora thermophila and their applicability in environmental remediation

Effect of Green synthesized iron nanoparticles by Azardirachta Indica in different proportions on antibacterial activity

Iron nanoparticles were synthesized using Musa ornata flower sheath extract. The optimum precursor salt concentration, pH of the reaction mixture, ratio between reducing agent and precursor salt and time for the synthesis of iron nanoparticles were found to be 5 mM, 9.0, 3:7 and 0th h respectively. The synthesized iron nanoparticles were characterised by UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, atomic force microscope and particle size analyser. UV/Vis absorption showed a characteristic absorption peak of iron oxide nanoparticles in the range of 250-350 nm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy measurement was carried out to identify the possible molecules like carbonyl, CH and OH band. From the X-ray diffraction method, it was found that the average particle size of magnetite nanoparticles was found to be 43.69 nm. The synthesized iron nanoparticles had antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica by well diffusion method. This biosynthesis approach has been found to be cost effective, eco-friendly and promising for applications in various fields.