Abstract
目的 论证CT扫描参数kVp和mAs与剂量和图像噪声的关系,在不影响临床诊断的基础上,修正并验证一种基于成人扫描参数的安全可行的儿童16层螺旋CT检查的扫描参数.方法利用16层螺旋CT,采用标准CT剂量指数(CTDI)测试仪、100 mm笔型电离室,分别测量16 cm和32cm直径模体在2 mm×5 mm准直宽度时不同kVp和mAs的CTDI;采用20cm标准水模,测量单一感兴趣区域(ROI)标准偏差值SD代表噪声水平.以成人扫描参数的不同百分比修正为不同年龄段儿童CT扫描的参数供临床验证.结果随着kVp和mAs的增加,CTDI随之增加,并与mAs呈线性关系;16 cm直径模体的表面CTDI要高于32 cm模体58%;实际的加权CTDIw值高于CT扫描仪显示的CTDIw;mAs相同时,kVp越高,图像噪声SD值越低,在kVp固定时,随着mAs的增加,图像噪声SD随之减少,当mAs增加到一定程度后,图像噪声趋向平稳.结论在不影响临床诊断的图像噪声水平下,根据年龄和体型特点,儿童16层CT检查mAs可以比成人降低10%~85%。
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