Abstract
A study was conducted on a commercial grade hydroentanglement system to assess the effects of jet strip configuration in terms of both orifice diameter (0.10 mm, 0.12 mm, and 0.14 mm) as well as the number of orifices per inch (40 and 50) on the properties of resultant nonwoven cotton fabrics at various hydroentanglement pressures (0, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, 12.5, and 14.0 MPa). It was found that an increase in the energy applied to the fabric web resulted in a nonwoven with increased absorbency. The results of air permeability testing indicate that a combination of variations in the orifice diameter and the number of orifices per inch as well as the energy applied determine the overall air permeability of the fabric. Tensile testing revealed that increasing the energy applied to the fabric resulted in increased strength in both the machine and cross directions and decreased elongations. These results indicate that the mechanical and performance characteristics of nonwoven cotton fabrics produced by hydroentanglement may be manipulated to obtain the desired characteristics for the targeted end-use application.
Highlights
The nonwoven market is rapidly expanding and is finding many new exciting areas of application
The results of AATCC Test Method 97-2009, shown in Table 2, revealed that the percentage of hexane extractable contents for samples produced by all jet strip configurations and pressures fell within the 0.4–1.2% threshold designated for cotton fibers, as anticipated.[26]
Alterations in jet strip configuration and HE pressures result in nonwovens with a wide array of absorbency, breathability, and strength characteristics
Summary
The nonwoven market is rapidly expanding and is finding many new exciting areas of application. Substrates produced by nonwoven methods occupy a wide variety of uses from disposable, hygiene (wipes, diapers, etc.), and medical (gowns, drapes, dressings, etc.) purposes to filtration, construction, geotextiles, and other industrial applications.[1] Traditionally, synthetics such as polyester or polypropylene have dominated the nonwoven market because of qualities such as ease of production, cost efficiency, strength, uniformity, and appearance.[2] The major disadvantage of petrochemical-based nonwovens is their resistance to degradation, which is becoming a significant concern surrounding the growing problem of microplastic pollution.[2,3,4,5] In some cases, synthetics may even harbor harmful impurities as a byproduct of their manufacture.[6].
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