Optimization of Preparation Technology and Quality Assessment of Polyurea (PUA) Modified Asphalt

To assess and compare the effects of loupes and microscope on laminate veneer preparation of the first practitioner from the aspects of efficiency, quality and accuracy of preparation, and preference. Twenty young prosthodontists from the Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology were recruited into this study, which was prospective, single blind, self-control trials. The participants had no experience of using dental magnification devices. They prepared laminate veneers in the artificial dental model, under routine visual field (control group), 2.5× headwear loupes (loupes group), and 8× operating microscope (microscopic group) by turning. The time for tooth preparation was recorded. Thereafter, subjective assessments of efficiency, quality of preparation and preference were performed by themselves using visual analogue score (VAS). Expert assessments of quality and accuracy of preparation were performed by two professors using stereomicroscope and digital technique respectively. In terms of efficiency, the subjective scores for the control group, loupes group and microscopic group were 7.15±1.73, 8.10±0.91 and 5.40±2.04, respectively. There was significant difference between the loupes group and microscopic group (P<0.05). The time of tooth preparation for the control group, loupes group and microscopic group was (430.10±163.04) s, (393.90±157.27) s and (441.95±164.18) s, respectively. There was significant difference between the loupes group and microscopic group (P<0.05). The loupes group was more efficient than the microscopic group. In terms of the quality of preparations, the subjective scores for the control group, loupes group and microscopic group were 6.55±2.09, 7.85±0.99 and 6.25±1.77, respectively. There was significant difference between the loupes group and microscopic group (P<0.05). The expert evaluations for the control group, loupes group and microscopic group were 12.20±1.67, 12.50±1.70 and 11.35±2.60, respectively. There was significant difference between the loupes group and microscopic group (P<0.05). The loupes group had higher quality than the microscopic group. In terms of the accuracy of preparations, the control group, loupes group and microscopic group of incisal 1/3 were (0.107±0.097) mm, (0.142±0.118) mm and (0.123±0.087) mm, respectively, of middle 1/3 were (0.128±0.073) mm, (0.113±0.105) mm and (0.125±0.077) mm, respectively, and of cervical 1/3 were (0.075±0.054) mm, (0.068±0.044) mm and (0.058±0.047) mm, respectively. There was no significant difference among the three groups (P>0.05). In terms of the preference, the subjective scores for the control group, loupes group and microscopic group were 6.55±2.31, 8.60±1.10 and 5.80±2.07, respectively. There was significant difference between the loupes group and microscopic group (P<0.05). The participants had the highest preference for loupes. For the first practitioners, loupes is better than microscope for laminate veneer preparation.

Optimizing Adequacy of Bowel Cleansing for Colonoscopy: Recommendations From the US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer

Optimizing Adequacy of Bowel Cleansing for Colonoscopy: Recommendations From the US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer

IntroductionThe effectiveness of screening colonoscopy in decreasing the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is largely dependent on the detection of polyps and the quality of the procedure. Several key quality measures have been proposed to improve the effectiveness of screening colonoscopies.AimTo evaluate quality indicators of screening colonoscopy in a tertiary hospital.MethodsAll CRC screening colonoscopies performed between 2005 and 2009 in a single tertiary center were reviewed for internationally accepted quality measures.ResultsOf the 1545 individuals who underwent first-time screening colonoscopy 38% were male and 62% were female. The mean age of the patients was 60.4 years and the mean difference in ages was ± 10.3 years. Cecal intubation rate was 91% (1336), however ileocecal valve photo documentation was performed in only 81% (1248) colonoscopies. The quality of bowel preparation was classified as: good 76% (1171), reasonable 11% (174), and poor 13% (200). Polyp detection rate (PDR) was 33% (503). The prevalence of polyps ≥1 cm in size was 5% (82). PDR was significantly higher in men than in women (44% [260] vs 25% [243], P = 0.0001). Other factors significantly influencing PDR were quality of bowel preparation (odds ratio [OR]: 1.28, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.9–1.6) and age over 50 (OR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.3–2.9). Left colonic polyps were associated with a risk ratio of 2.3 (95% CI: 1.8–2.9) of lesions in the other colonic segments compared to no polyps in the left colon. None of the colonoscopists reported withdrawal time.ConclusionCecal intubation rate and quality of bowel preparation were suboptimal. The polyp detection rate compares favorably to accepted standards and its main determinants are male sex, age >50 years, quality of bowel preparation, and the presence of left colonic polyps.

Colonoscopy is a crucial procedure for various clinical purposes, including screening for colorectal cancer. Adequate bowel preparation is essential for its success. Poor bowel preparation can lead to bad outcomes. An objective assessment of bowel preparation quality is typically only possible after the colonoscope is inserted. This study aimed to objectively correlate the clarity of last rectal effluent, directly collected in a transparent container, with the quality of bowel preparation, and compare it with patient-reported descriptions. This prospective, single-centre, case-control study obtained ethical clearance and included patients aged >18 years undergoing colonoscopies. Cases included patients who collected the last rectal effluent and took photographs, while controls relied on verbal descriptions. Data collected included demographics, clinical information, bowel preparation quality, and lastly, stool clarity. A statistical analysis was performed to identify correlations and associations. Of the 70 included patients, 45 were male. The mean age was 35.8 ± 14.3 years. Cases had a higher mean age (37.8 ± 14.6). A higher number of cases had comorbidities (11, 68.8%). Photographic recording of the last rectal effluent was not associated with the adequacy of bowel preparation. Thin yellow fluid was the most common last-rectal effluent clarity (33, 47.1%). Thin, clear fluid was significantly associated with adequate bowel preparation. Objective assessment of last rectal effluent clarity correlates with the quality of bowel preparation. This can improve the quality of bowel preparation for colonoscopies and potentially reduce the need for repeat procedures, contributing to better patient outcomes and cost savings in healthcare systems.

BackgroundThe National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) pioneered the Health Technology Assessment (HTA) processes and methodologies. Technology appraisals (TAs) focus on pharmaceutical products and clinical and economic data,...

Su1563 Automated Stool Detection for Assessment of Bowel Preparation Quality in Screening Colonoscopy

Clinical Trials and Technology Assessment

Due to the characteristics of confusing varieties of Chinese medicinal materials, different sources, complex chemical composition, non-standard preparation process, and non-standard pharmaceutical equipment, the quality of Chinese medicinal preparations is difficult to be controlled and evaluated effectively under the current quality control mode and method of Chinese medicinal preparation. The present study proposed an engineering quality view of Chinese medicine pharmacy and a strategy to control the quality of Chinese medicinal preparations based on the current situation. The &quot;overall, dialectical, and dynamic&quot; multi-factor engineering quality view, covering original medicinal materials, preparation technologies, pharmaceutical equipment, and Chinese medicinal preparations, ensures the traceable process, measurable procedures, and feedback quality. The quality control mode of Chinese medicinal preparation with controllable sources, standardized preparation technologies, green pharmaceutical equipment, and intelligent manufacturing is built up.

Summary. In the work the model of quality management of technological processes of the grain processing and mill enterprises is presented. It is shown that flour-grinding production is an important part of agro-industrial complex because it provides production of the main food product of people – flour. The analytical indicators of quality of technological process are presented. The matrix of expert estimates of i-th level of quality for the set combinations of parameters values according to the scheme of complete factorial experiment is made. Considered a model for the calculation of the raw material preparation for milling, which characterizes the main qualities of the processed raw materials. For the purpose of management of quality of technological processes of flour mill the mathematical model which includes calculation of two groups of indicators of an assessment is developed: qualities of preparation of raw materials for a grinding and qualities of conducting technological process. The algorithm of an analytical assessment of indicators of quality of technological process of the flour-grinding enterprises, including the selection of waste, selection of bran, a compliance rate of output of flour-grinding products, compliance rate of moisture products, is offered. The assessment of quality management of technological process of a high-quality grinding on the example of several leading flour-grinding enterprises of Central Federal District is carried out. The two-dimensional model of quality management of technological process based on an analytical indicators of an assessment of quality, an assessment of quality of preparation the raw materials for a grinding and an optimum effective condition of technological process is constructed. It is shown that quality management at the enterprise provides collecting, processing and the analysis of information on a condition of material streams and productions on all of their stages.

Different bowel preparation regimens are available. Currently we are giving the entire preparation on the day of colonoscopy. Multiple studies have shown splitting the regimen might improve the quality of bowel preparation with lesser side effects and better compliance. The study was done to compare the efficacy and tolerability of split bowel preparation regimen with non-split dosing regimen. Single centered observational comparative study was done in a tertiary care hospital. One hundred ninety eight patients requiring elective colonoscopy were assigned to receive one of the two preparations (split versus morning) prior to colonoscopy. Main outcomes were bowel preparation quality and patient compliance and tolerability. There was no significant difference between the two regimen for the mean total Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (6.79VS 6.74,P value -0.777).Patient compliance was better for split dosing compared to single dosing (99 vs 5 p value-<0.001).There were more side effects in the single dosage compared to split dosing except for sleep disturbance which was more in split dosing. The study found that split-dose and single dose polyethylene glycol solution for bowel preparation before colonoscopy had similar efficacy in the quality of bowel preparation. Split-dose polyethylene glycol appears to be superior to single-dose PEG for patient compliance and side effects.

Though technology assessment and quality assessment have much in common, they differ significantly in emphasis. Technology assessment judges technology itself; quality assessment examines the extent to which a technology is used well in its various settings. This article explores the nature of quality assessment--including the performance of individual practitioners as they care for individual patients and the care received by communities--and examines its interrelationship with technology assessment.

Cinobufacini injection is commonly used in clinical treatment of tumor and hepatitis B, but the quality uneven. Currently, the main focus of its quality assessment is on steroids and alkaloids. Based on previous study, we screened four peptides with high reproducibility, responsiveness and specificity. This research was first to develop an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/triple quadrupole mass spectrometry approach for evaluating the quality of cinobufacini preparations from the peptide perspective. In this study, we have identified 230 peptides in cinobufacini injection by Q-Exactive mass spectrometry, which contains species-specific peptides. Then, we used ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/triple quadrupole mass spectrometry to establish a quantitative method for species-specific peptides and carried out method validation. The result revealed that four peptides were linear in a specific range, and had great reproducibility, accuracy and stability. Eventually, we evaluated the quality of 8 batches of cinobufacini injections and 26 batches of toad skins using the total content of target peptides as the criterion. The outcomes demonstrated that the quality of cinobufacini injection is generally stable and the toad skin from Shandong is of the best quality. In conclusion, the quantitative approach that focuses on peptides will offer innovative perspectives on assessing the quality of cinobufacini preparations. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Background High-quality bowel preparation is paramount for a successful colonoscopy. This study aimed to explore the effect of artificial intelligence-driven smartphone software on the quality of bowel preparation. Methods Firstly, we utilized 3305 valid liquid dung images collected via mobile phones as training data. the most effective model was employed on mobile phones to evaluate the quality of bowel preparation. Secondly, From May 2023 to September 2023, colonoscopy patients were randomly assigned to two groups – the AI group (n = 116) and the control group (n = 116) – using a randomized, controlled, endoscopist-blinded method. We compared the two groups in terms of Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS) scores, polyp detection rate, adverse reaction rate, and factors related to bowel preparation quality. The primary endpoint was the percentage of patients who achieved a BBPS ≥6 among those who effectively utilized the smartphone software. Results EfficientNetV2 exhibited the highest performance, with an accuracy of 87%, a sensitivity of 83%, and an AUC of 0.86. In the patient validation experiment, the AI group had higher BBPS scores than the control group (6.78 ± 1.41 vs. 5.35 ± 2.01, p = 0.001) and showed an improvement in the detection rate (71.55% vs. 56.90%, p = 0.020) for polyps. Multifactor logistic analysis indicated that compliance with enema solution usage rules (OR: 5.850, 95% confidence interval: 2.022–16.923), total water intake (OR: 1.001, 95% confidence interval: 1.001–1.002), and AI software reminders (OR: 2.316, 95% confidence interval: 1.096–4.893) were independently associated with BBPS scores ≥6. Conclusion Compared with traditional methods, the use of artificial intelligence combined with software to send reminders can lead to more accurate assessments of bowel preparation quality and an improved detection rate for polyps, thus demonstrating promising clinical value.

Food and Nutrition Units aim to provide balanced meals within dietary and hygienic standards. However, one should also consider the sensory aspects of preparation because these characteristics can influence the attitude of the messmate, drawing him or not for ingestion. This study aimed to assess the dimensions of sensory and nutritional quality of protein preparations in school. The study was conducted in two school units in Rio de Janeiro, with the application of the theoretical model Assessment of Nutritional and Sensory Quality. The main procedures that could compromise the nutritional and sensory quality of the preparations were: (a) lack of standardization in per capita preparations; (b) lack of photographic records at all stages; (c) failure to keep the right temperature in the sensory context, at receiving, storing and thawing; (d) deficiency in the quality control of the oil used in frying; and (f) not conducting satisfaction surveys with messmates. It was possible to identify that both units may present improvements in the production process, in order to contribute to the nutritional and sensory quality of food. Corrective actions should be taken by local nutritionists, as well as awareness of the team should be held.