Abstract
Abstract: The present study evaluated the germination potential of seeds from eight peach tree rootstocks under different stratification methods, aiming at the production of high quality seedlings. In the first experiment, seeds with endocarp from eight genotypes (‘Aldrighi’, ‘Capdeboscq’, ‘Flordaguard’, ‘Okinawa’, ‘Okinawa roxo’, ‘Tsukuba 1’, ‘Tsukuba 2’, ‘Tsukuba 3’) were stratified on sand and moist vermiculite, at 7 ºC for 60 days. In the second experiment, endocarpless seeds of the same genotypes were stratified on Petri dishes at 7 ºC. In the third experiment, the time at which at least 75% of the seedlings reached transplanting height (15 cm high) was verified. The endocarp was a limiting factor for seed germination of the eight rootstocks, since the highest germination percentages were 21% and 48.3% for ‘Aldrighi’ and ‘Capdeboscq’, respectively. Germination of ‘Okinawa’ was only 19.2% and 4.2%, in sand and vermiculite, respectively. Seeds stratified without the endocarp, showed 100% germination, except for ‘Flordaguard’ and ‘Tsukuba 2’ and 3’, with 93% germination. Seed mass presented a positive correlation with the germination speed index and the initial growth of the seedlings. ‘Aldrighi’ and ‘Capdeboscq’ presented more vigorous seedlings with greater growth in height, stem diameter, and Dickson quality index.
Highlights
In Brazil, peach culture has relevant social and economic importance, mainly in the Southern and Southeastern regions.Rio Grande do Sul (RS) stands out in terms of crop area and peach production, its average productivity is lower when compared with other states (Fachinello et al, 2011)
Rio Grande do Sul (RS) stands out in terms of crop area and peach production, its average productivity is lower when compared with other states (Fachinello et al, 2011)
Peach trees are mainly produced through grafting of the scion cultivar into a rootstock
Summary
In Brazil, peach culture has relevant social and economic importance, mainly in the Southern and Southeastern regions.Rio Grande do Sul (RS) stands out in terms of crop area and peach production, its average productivity is lower when compared with other states (Fachinello et al, 2011). In the Southern region of RS, the main production center of stone fruits and Prunus plants (peaches, nectarines, and Japanese plum), the rootstocks to graft the scion cultivars are produced from seeds derived from endocarps (pits) obtained in the canned peach industries (Fachinello et al, 2011). After stratification, they are sown in the field for germination, seedling growth and subsequent grafting of the scion cultivars
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