Optimization of Agricultural Smart System using Remote Sensible NDVI and NIR Thermal Image Analysis Techniques

Abstract

Production in agriculture is not sufficient in today’s world. Therefore, we need to increase production to equalize the needs. However, due to the development in various fields, the human source for working and maintaining the cultivation land with proper consistency is insufficient. When it comes to Indian Agriculture System, the climatic environment is isotropic and there is a lack in the usage of agriculture assets. The irrigation system, which is controlled manually, is not an inefficient manner. There are several problems such as additional water consumption, bad quality of fertilizer preparation, Additional or insufficient fertilizer consumption. An automatic agricultural system with an automated irrigation system having a universal nozzle for spraying water, fertilizer, pesticides based on the need is implemented. The field is monitored by having a soil moisture sensor, humidity sensor, and temperature sensor. The sensing units are placed in various locations for observation. The growth of the plant is monitored using drone NDVI and NIR sensors. This module consists of a Programmable Logic Controller (DRONE) for its overall automation. NDVI Sensors are connected to the IoT controller and the output is given to the solenoid valve. A pumping motor is implemented for irrigation depending upon the requirement the values are opened by using an electrical valve named Solenoid valve (a logic function of ON and OFF as output). As soon as the required level of water is irrigated, the sensing element senses and stops the pump preventing excess irrigation. This DRONE automation is more efficient in automatic water drip Irrigation system, pesticide and fertilizer spraying with float level switch. IoT networking connected to the DRONE controller using the IoT multispectral camera of Drone Controller for damage plant detection, Sprayer controlling and saving the daily database.