Abstract
Metformin is one of the most common adulterants found in anti-diabetic dietary supplements and herbal medicines. An analytical method based on hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC)/tandem mass spectrometry was developed and validated for the determination of metformin in dietary supplements and herbal medicines. Sample preparation involved solid phase extraction of the analyte using Plexa PCX cartridges, and cleanup by a primary–secondary amine (PSA) adsorbent for minimization of the matrix effect. Chromatographic separation was performed on a HILIC column using a mixture of 0.025mol/L ammonium formate (pH 3) and acetonitrile (18:82, v/v) as the mobile phase at flow rate of 0.25mL/min. The method was validated in four matrices (capsules, honeyed pills, tablets and oral solutions). The method had a good linear range (5–500ng/mL), and the overall precision and accuracy ranged from 2.2% to 9.9% and 4.6% to 11.3%, respectively.
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