Abstract
The frequent terrorist attacks in subways has dramatically increased the necessity and importance of security check systems (SCSs). The implementation of a SCS in China has successfully eliminated lots of potential safety hazards. However, the excessive waiting time due to the SCS is also an issue. SCS efficiency is greatly affected by the length of the conveyer belt of the X-ray machine (CBXM). A scheme for optimizing the CBXM length to accommodate different passenger flows is proposed in this paper. A modeling framework is developed for associating the CBXM length with the queuing waiting time based on a M/M/1/N queuing model. The optimal scheme of CBXM length calculated from the model demonstrates that the passenger queuing time is saved by 15.7%, 16.0%, and 23.3% with the passenger arrival rate of 4000, 5000, and 6000, respectively, greatly reducing queuing crowdedness. The scheme can be used to select X-ray machines for subway stations by their passenger arrival rates. In addition, the findings of this paper could be a crucial supplement and perfect the design code of subway SCSs.
Highlights
The subway is the most widely used transportation mode in Beijing, the capital of China and a supercity with over 20 million people
What this study aims to achieve is shortening the average waiting time by optimizing the length of the conveyer belt of the X-ray machine (CBXM)
Congestion caused by security checks is common for the Beijing subway system during peak hours
Summary
The subway is the most widely used transportation mode in Beijing, the capital of China and a supercity with over 20 million people. By the end of 2017, Beijing had built a huge subway network with 19 lines and 574 km of route [1]. Some recent events include the 1980 Bologna railway station bombing, 1987 Barcelona parking lot bombing, the 1998 Omagh car bombing, the 2004 Madrid train bombings, the 2005 London underground and bus bombings, the 2011 Oslo bombings, and the 2016 Brussels subway station bombing [3,4]. Eight subway bombings have occurred leading to nearly 90 deaths since 2010 [5]. These events show the vulnerability of subways and demonstrate the significance and necessity of intensifying subway security checks
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