Abstract
The major goal of this research manuscript is to conduct economical and feasibility studies of an island photovoltaic/fuel cell (PV/FC) hybrid system. It has been designed to feed electricity to a remote area positioned in albaha zone in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. To achieve this mission, all system devices are modelled and simulated via optimization mechanisms. An objective function is formulated relied on the total annual cost (TAC). An optimization mechanism, the Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) has been applied to obtain the optimum number of the photovoltaic (PV) panels, the electrolyzers; the H2 storage tanks the fuel cells (FCs) and the number of batteries for the proposed system with the least total net present value (TNPV) of the hybrid system. The loss of power supply probability (LPSP) has been utilized to improve the performance of the proposed system. The premier estimation fluctuation effect of the FC, the electrolyzer and the H2 storage tanks on the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) has been applied in the sensitivity test.
Highlights
In developing nations, provincial areas suffer from drastic shortage of electricity, where it is not economically feasible to connect these areas to the electrical utility
The peak border of the loss of power supply probability (LPSP) = 2% has been considered in this work
This paper introduces an effective technique to design an island micro-grid based on PV and fuel cells (FCs)
Summary
Provincial areas suffer from drastic shortage of electricity, where it is not economically feasible to connect these areas to the electrical utility. The reliability of the hybrid system design is based on true combinations of renewable energy sources, and depends on the climatic conditions of the studied area, as well as the initial cost of the components of system. Solar radiation and hydrogen resource data of the study area were used in order to develop the optimal sizing model according to LPSP and EXC [2,3,4,5,6]. Sharafi et al [10], have been proposed multi objective PSO approach to optimize the size of hybrid system based on the constraint method which has been applied to reduce the system cost, unmet load and GHG emissions. Rural areas in KSA have abundant solar power (14) and biomass sources used in constituting hybrid island off-grid systems for meeting their energy needs. The FPA is applied due to its effectiveness and few parameters required compared to other optimization techniques which makes it easier to implement and simulate [19]
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