Abstract
Due to environmental concerns, firms are under increasing pressure to comply with legislations and to take up environmental strategies. This leads researchers and firms to develop new sustainable supply chains, where a new area has emerged for a manufacturing and reconditioning system. The originality of this work consists in simultaneously considering carbon emissions strategies, carbon tax and mandatory emission in a manufacturing-reconditioning system. The proposed system is composed of two parallel machines, a manufacturing stock, a reconditioning stock and a recovery inventory. In order to make the proposed green manufacturing system more realistic, it is assumed that manufactured (new products) and reconditioned products are distinguishable. The quantity of worn products (used products) depends on the sales in the previous periods, and the repair periods of the machines are stochastic and independent. The aim of this work is to determine the optimal capacities of manufacturing and reconditioning stocks that maximize the total profit, as well as the optimal value of worn products under two carbon emissions’ limitations. An evolutionary algorithm is developed, along with an efficient improvement method, to find the optimal value of decision variables. Ultimately, numerical results are provided to show the impact of the period of carbon limit and the worn products (returned products) on decision variables.
Highlights
Throughout the past few decades, massive carbon emissions have caused serious global environmental damage, such as thick haze and worsening greenhouse gas effects
The efficient optimization method chosen was inspired from the evolutionary algorithm [32], and we developed an improvement method based on local search to give better solutions
In order to determine thewe production quantity for manufacturing andquantity reconditioning products carbon regulation, have provided a method to determine the that respects the under carbon regulation, we have provided a method to determine the quantity that respects limited carbon emission and answers to the demand according to the determined production the limited carbon emission andpolicy
Summary
Throughout the past few decades, massive carbon emissions have caused serious global environmental damage, such as thick haze and worsening greenhouse gas effects. Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), which is the international body for the assessment of climate change, has pointed out in its fifth assessment report that it is necessary to curb the global greenhouse gas (GHG). Emissions by 40%–70% from the 2010 level before 2050, and to curb the global GHG emissions to the level of near zero by the end of the 21st century [1]. GHG emissions from industry primarily come from burning fossil fuels for energy, as well as GHG emissions from certain chemical reactions necessary to produce goods from raw materials [3,4].
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