Abstract
Due to the opening of the energy market and agreements for the reduction of pollution emissions, the use of microgrids attracts more attention in the scientific community, but the management of the distribution of electricity has new challenges. This paper considers different distributed generation systems as a main part to design a microgrid and the resources management is defined in a period through proposed dynamic economic dispatch approach. The inputs are obtained by the model predictive control algorithm considering variations of both pattern of consumption and generation systems capacity, including conventional and renewable energy sources. Furthermore, the proposed approach considers a benefits program to customers involving a demand restriction and the costs of regeneration of the pollutants produced by conventional generation systems. The dispatch strategy through a mathematical programming approach seeks to reduce to the minimum the fuel cost of conventional generators, the energy transactions, the regeneration of polluted emissions and, finally, includes the benefit in electricity demand reduction satisfying all restrictions through mathematical programming strategy. The model is implemented in LINGO 17.0 software (Lindo Systems, 1415 North Dayton Street, Chicago, IL, USA). The results exhibit the proposed approach effectiveness through a study case under different considerations.
Highlights
The opening of the energy sector yields a new form of competition and changes of paradigms in the pattern of electricity generation
This paper presents an application of Model Predictive Control (MPC) [1] to define the input values to the economic dispatch algorithm, considering the management of variations for both loads and Renewable Energy Sources (RES) capacity [2]
In [4] it is considered that the microgrids contemplate the possibility of energy storage by means of devices such as Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS), compressors, accumulation by pumping and can work in the connection mode to the main grid, where the energy transfer can be carried out in the form bidirectional depending on its generation capacity or in isolated mode, where the microgrid is self-sufficient and excess production can be used for storage, in [5] it is described that both cases have advantages to ensure high reliability supply, sustainability, quality of energy and the search to reduce costs due to losses in the electricity, transmission and distribution lines
Summary
The opening of the energy sector yields a new form of competition and changes of paradigms in the pattern of electricity generation. On the other hand, regarding the incentive program for the Electricity Demand Reduction (EDR), it is necessary to investigate and delimit practical scenarios for the incorporation of economic dispatch process in microgrids to meet real customer benefits. In such a way that the reduction of energy consumption should be more reliable than only the possible reduction of generated energy, besides to find the best possible energy schedule that implies reduce fuel costs, and it improves the pattern of energy consumption for any load. The treatment cost of the air pollution produced by DG in the microgrid is incorporated, too
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